{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:06:59Z","timestamp":1792026419331,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged in the Nigerian market, and if used without supervision, may have damaging effects on the physical and mental health of users. Therefore, there is a need to determine the patterns of use, especially among adolescents and young adults. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with electronic cigarette use, as well as the relationship between their use and anxiety among adolescents and young adults in Lagos, Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>An online cross-sectional study among participants aged between 15\u201335 years. The survey had three sections: sociodemographic information, the pattern of e-cigarette use, and a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with e-cigarette use. P-values &lt;0.05 were considered significant. Statistical analysis was done using STATA-15.0 software.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data from a total of 949 respondents was analysed. Participants had a mean age of 23.36 years (\u00b13.97) and were predominantly female (55.64%). The prevalence of e-cigarette ever-use was 7.9% (95% CI: 5.8,10.0). Older age and being male were independently associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. After adjusting for age and sex, alcohol use (p&lt;0.001), friend\u2019s use (p&lt;0.001), and other tobacco product or substance use (p:0.05) remained significantly associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. There was no association between anxiety levels and e-cigarette use.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These findings suggest a higher likelihood of e-cigarette use among alcohol consumers, poly-tobacco or substance users and individuals with friends who use e-cigarettes. Health providers and policy makers in Nigeria might consider preventive measures aimed at young adults with the identified risk factors, as well as close monitoring of trends in e-cigarette use in the coming years.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T18:32:27Z","timestamp":1634927547000},"page":"e0258850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Electronic cigarette use among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria: Prevalence, associated factors and patterns of use"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0733-3847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olufemi","family":"Erinoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afolabi","family":"Oyapero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Amure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moyosoore","family":"Osoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8902-4356","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olatokunbo","family":"Osibogun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kikelomo","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0788-9143","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akin","family":"Osibogun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0258850.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00512.x","article-title":"Patterns of electronic cigarette use and user beliefs about their safety and benefits: an internet survey","volume":"32","author":"ML Goniewicz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0258850.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.001","article-title":"Electronic cigarette use by college students","volume":"131","author":"EL Sutfin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0258850.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4356","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110404356","article-title":"Characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits of electronic cigarette use: a worldwide survey of more than 19,000 consumers","volume":"11","author":"KE Farsalinos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0258850.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.011","article-title":"The rise of e-cigarettes, pod mod devices, and JUUL among youth: Factors influencing use, health implications, and downstream effects","volume":"201","author":"MC Fadus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"pone.0258850.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.09.026","article-title":"Electronic cigarette use and mental health: A Canadian population-based study","volume":"260","author":"T Pham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"pone.0258850.ref006","article-title":"Patterns of electronic cigarette use and level of psychological distress","volume":"12","author":"SH Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0258850.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6806e1","article-title":"Vital signs: Tobacco product use among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2011\u20132018","volume":"68","author":"AS Gentzke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Morb. 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