{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:07:37Z","timestamp":1787238457284,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels can be used to monitor the safety of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy. In this study, we evaluated the changes in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels during rhGH therapy as a marker of height outcome in prepubertal children. Totally, 705 prepubertal children with short stature were enrolled from the LG Growth Study Database. Data for three groups of subjects were obtained as follows: Idiopathic GH deficiency (IGHD; n = 486); idiopathic short stature (n = 66); small for gestational age (n = 153). Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels at the baseline and after the 1\n                    <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 2\n                    <jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup>\n                    year of rhGH therapy, as well as the \u0394height standard deviation score (SDS), were obtained. \u0394height SDS after the 1\n                    <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 2\n                    <jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup>\n                    year of rhGH therapy had notably increased compared to that at the baseline for all three groups. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in all three groups were significantly increased compared to those at the baseline (p &lt;0.001). \u0394height SDS was positively correlated with \u0394IGF-1 SDS after the 1\n                    <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                    year of therapy,\n                    <jats:bold>\u0394<\/jats:bold>\n                    IGFBP-3 SDS after the 2\n                    <jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup>\n                    year of therapy in the IGHD group, and \u0394IGF-I SDS and \u0394IGFBP-3 SDS after the 2\n                    <jats:sup>nd<\/jats:sup>\n                    year of therapy (p &lt; 0.05), regardless of whether the height at the baseline was a covariate. The increase in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels during rhGH therapy was related to the growth response in children with IGHD. Therefore, it may be valuable to measure the change in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels, especially the latter, during rhGH treatment to predict the growth response upon long-term treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T13:26:15Z","timestamp":1635773175000},"page":"e0259287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigating whether serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels reflect the height outcome in prepubertal children upon rhGH therapy: LG growth study database"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Minsun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1759-0003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cheol Hwan","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6519-2427","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chan Jong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259287.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0216927","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216927","article-title":"Long-term safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy in Korean children with growth disorders: 5-year results of LG Growth Study","volume":"14","author":"YJ Rhie","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1159\/000479691","article-title":"Circulating IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I\/IGFBP-3 Molar Ratio Concentration and Height Outcome in Prepubertal Short Children on rhGH Treatment over Two Years of Therapy","volume":"88","author":"MG Ballerini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref003","first-page":"181","volume":"10","author":"J Frystyk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Utility of Free IGF-I Measurements Pituitary"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.v1i5.240","article-title":"Combined evaluation of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 as an index of efficacy and safety in growth hormone treated patients","volume":"1","author":"Z S\u0131klar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1159\/000322878","article-title":"A comparison of different definitions of growth response in short prepubertal children treated with growth hormone","volume":"75","author":"P Bang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R126","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0047","article-title":"Growth Hormone Research Society perspective on biomarkers of GH action in children and adults","volume":"7","author":"G Johannsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2040064.032","article-title":"Deciphering short stature in children","volume":"25","author":"N Polidori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"pone.0259287.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.2001.0203","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of growth hormone deficiency in childhood and adolescence. 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