{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T10:54:29Z","timestamp":1773917669278,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007394","name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia de Ci\u00eancia Animal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007394","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"DSM Produtos Nutricionais Brasil S.A."},{"name":"Zoetis Inc."},{"name":"Phibro Animal Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An experiment was conducted to evaluate the feed intake, nutrient digestibility and selected rumen parameters in feedlot bulls fed diets containing different feed additives. Six rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls (age = 8 \u00b1 1.0 months; initial BW = 225 \u00b1 13.2 kg) were distributed in a 6 \u00d7 6 Latin square design. Six experimental diets based on 30% corn silage and 70% concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis were evaluated. Diets differed in feed additive on a DM basis, as follows: 1.4% bicarbonate and magnesium oxide in 3:1 ratio (BOX); 36 ppm lasalocid sodium (LAS); 30 ppm monensin sodium (MON); 25 ppm virginiamycin (VIR); 30 ppm monensin sodium plus 25 ppm virginiamycin (MV); and 3.15% commercial mineral supplement containing D-limonene and exogenous \u03b1-amylase (EOA). The experiment lasted 144 d, with six periods of 24 d. Each period consisted of 14 d for dietary adaptation, 3 d for feces and urine collection, and 7 d for omasal and ruminal digesta collection. Bulls fed the BOX diet showed greater (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) intake of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (apNDF), crude protein (CP), and starch compared to the other diets. Diets with LAS, MON, VIR, MV, or EOA did not influence (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.05) the DM, OM, apNDF, CP, or starch intake of feedlot bulls. Bulls fed the EOA diet showed greater (trend; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.09) ruminal digestibility of starch compared to the other diets. The feed additives did not affect (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.05) the intestinal or total tract digestibility of starch, rumen pH, microbial efficiency, total rumen fluid, dilution rate, rate of intake, rate of degradation, or passage rate of the DM, OM, apNDF, and starch. In conclusion, LAS, MON, VIR, MV, and EOA diets reduced nutrient intake compared to BOX. Although all feed additives presented similar effects on rumen pH, temperature, and kinetics the presence of exogenous \u03b1-amylase in the EOA diet may increase ruminal starch digestibility and apparent total tract digestibility of DM and OM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T19:14:04Z","timestamp":1635880444000},"page":"e0259414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and selected rumen parameters in feedlot bulls fed diets with different feed additives"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6855-5550","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Breno de Castro","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos Vinicius Carneiro","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Artuzo","family":"Godoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilyard Angelo Pinheiro","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2321-9254","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Veloso","family":"Tr\u00f3pia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauliane","family":"Pucetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Adriane de Sales","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Clara Bai\u00e3o","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana Navajas","family":"Renn\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio Fonseca","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6641-0166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jon Patrick","family":"Schoonmaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4544-6316","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sebasti\u00e3o de Campos","family":"Valadares Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259414.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2014.08.010","article-title":"Survey of the nutritional recommendations and management practices adopted by feedlot cattle nutritionists in Brazil.","volume":"197","author":"CA Oliveira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0259414.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1139\/cjas-2018-0031","article-title":"Nutritional recommendations and management practices adopted by feedlot cattle nutritionists: The 2016 Brazilian survey.","volume":"99","author":"ACJ Pinto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0259414.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016-0282","article-title":"Nutritional recommendations of feedlot consulting nutritionists: The 2015 New Mexico state and Texas tech university survey","volume":"94","author":"KL Samuelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0259414.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.007","article-title":"Is subacute ruminal acidosis a pH related problem? 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