{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T17:32:55Z","timestamp":1783704775035,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Fixed-dose combinations can simplify prescribing, and numerous combination products exist for hypertension and dyslipidemia in South Korea. This study\u2019s aim was to compare trends in the consumption of single products versus fixed-dose combinations for hypertension and hyperlipidemia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods and findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analyzed the Korean national health insurance claims database from January 2015 through December 2019. Consumption of medicines was calculated using the defined daily dose per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DIDs) and expenditures over time. During 2015\u20132019, the use of antihypertensive drugs increased with an annual growth rate (AGR) of 0.9% for single products and with an AGR of 35.6% for fixed-dose combinations. A notable increase was observed for antihyperlipidemic combination drugs with an AGR of 268.1% compared to single products with 35.7%. For older adults (65+ years), the consumption of drugs for hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 3\u20134.5 and about 3 times higher, respectively, than in adults aged 20\u201364 years, and a sharp increase was found in antihyperlipidemic fixed-dose combinations among older adults. A large increase was seen for C09 (agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system) with an AGR of 36.5%, especially C09DB (angiotensin II receptor blockers + calcium channel blockers) was widely used and steeply increased with 114.2%. For antihyperlipidemic drugs, C10AA (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) accounted for a large share and sharply increased, with 52.1 DIDs in 2019 and with an AGR of 78.4%, whereas C10BA (combinations of various lipid modifying agents) increased 9.6 times from 2.9 DIDs (96 million USD) in 2015 to 27.7 DIDs (912 million USD) in 2019.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings of increased consumption and drug spending among older adults underscores the need for real-world evidence about health outcomes of fixed-dose combinations in this population.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T18:29:41Z","timestamp":1639592981000},"page":"e0259467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Consumption of single products versus fixed-dose combination medicines for hypertension and hyperlipidemia during 2015\u20132019 in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1158-1686","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yujin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihye","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2372-1807","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dong-Sook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259467.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427","article-title":"2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8).","volume":"311","author":"PA James","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref002","volume-title":"Health at a Glance 2019: OECD Indicators","author":"OECD","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref003","volume-title":"2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Report","author":"KCDC","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.0005","article-title":"The 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guideline for High Blood Pressure in Adults","volume":"3","author":"PK Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000066","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"71","author":"PK Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.16755","article-title":"The 2018 European Society of Cardiology\/European Society of Hypertension and 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines: More Similar Than Different","volume":"320","author":"PK Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.03.009","article-title":"2019 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"74","author":"DK Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref008","volume-title":"Korean Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia","author":"KSoLA","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0259467.ref009","unstructured":"HIRA (Annual) National Health Insurance Reimbursement Medicine List. 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