{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:34:08Z","timestamp":1787240048088,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1A02050982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1A02050982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) findings in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS) patients positive for the anti-centromere antibody (ACA) and compare these with those in ACA-negative pSS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and SGUS data of pSS patients who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group classification criteria for pSS. SGUS findings of four major salivary glands (bilateral parotid and submandibular glands) were scored in five categories and compared between ACA-positive and ACA-negative pSS patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to elucidate the factors associated with SGUS score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 121 pSS patients were enrolled (19, ACA-positive). The ACA-positive patients were older (67.0 vs 58.0 years,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.028), whereas anti-Ro\/SSA and anti-La\/SSB positivity was more prevalent in the ACA-negative group (89.2% vs 21.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001, and 47.1% vs 10.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.007, respectively). The total SGUS and hypoechoic area scores were lower in ACA-positive patients (16.0 vs 23.0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.027, and 4.0 vs 7.0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004, respectively). In univariate regression analysis, being positive for unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR &lt; 1.5 ml\/15 min), anti-Ro\/SSA, and rheumatoid factor were positively associated whereas ACA positivity was negatively associated with the SGUS score. In multivariate regression analysis, being positive for USFR, anti-Ro\/SSA, and rheumatoid factor showed significant association with the SGUS score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACA-positive pSS patients showed a lower SGUS score than ACA-negative patients, which was especially prominent in the hypoechoic area component.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T13:30:07Z","timestamp":1635946207000},"page":"e0259519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ultrasonographic characteristics of major salivary glands in anti-centromere antibody-positive primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1147-1046","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hong 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