{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T11:49:55Z","timestamp":1767181795438,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Resistance management is very important for devising control strategies of polyphagous insect-pests like\n                    <jats:italic>Helicoverpa armigera<\/jats:italic>\n                    H\u00fcbner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Considering the importance of resistance management, demographic features of selected and unselected populations of\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>armigera<\/jats:italic>\n                    were studied in 6 different treatments viz. emamectin benzoate,\n                    <jats:italic>Helicoverpa armigera<\/jats:italic>\n                    Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV), emamectin benzoate+HaNPV, spinetoram, spinetoram+HaNPV and control. Higher values for fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were recorded in the control of selected as compared to the rest of treatment. Similarly, higher values for these population parameters viz. oviposition days, fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase were calculated in the unselected control. Similarly, net reproductive rate (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for selected and unselected control was higher as compared to the rest of the treatments. It may happen because these kinds of selection pressures can result in decreased fitness of the test insect thus decreased fitness of\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>armigera<\/jats:italic>\n                    in different treatments was observed as compared to the control. Additionally, quicker development of susceptible insects was observed because susceptible insects were growing without any stressor (xenobiotics) as compared to the rest which contributed to their faster development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T14:54:20Z","timestamp":1638456860000},"page":"e0259867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sub-lethal doses of Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus and synthetic \u0131nsecticides alter the biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera H\u00fcbner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7510-4037","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Allah Dita","family":"Abid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9909-3953","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syed Muhammad","family":"Zaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shafqat","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naeem","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Nadir","family":"Naqqash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Sohail","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0259867.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2005.07.011","article-title":"Helicoverpa armigera management: a review of AVRDC\u2019s research on host plant resistance in tomato","volume":"25","author":"NS Talekar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crop Prot"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0259867.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1603\/EC10022","article-title":"Evaluation of potential resistance in seeds of different soybean cultivars to Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using demographic parameters and nutritional indices","volume":"103","author":"S Soleimannejad","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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