{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:17:40Z","timestamp":1770833860073,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013294","name":"Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\u00fcr Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Task Force Allergy, subject \u201cAir\u201d"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Task Force Allergy, subject \u201cAir\u201d"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In real life, humans are exposed to whole pollen grains at the air epithelial barrier. We developed a system for in vitro dosing of whole pollen grains at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI) and studied their effect on the immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Pollen are sticky and large particles. Dosing pollen needs resuspension of single particles rather than clusters, and subsequent transportation to the cells with little loss to the walls of the instrumentation i.e. in a straight line. To avoid high speed impacting insults to cells we chose sedimentation by gravity as a delivery step. Pollen was resuspended into single particles by pressured air. A pollen dispersion unit including PTFE coating of the walls and reduced air pressure limited impaction loss to the walls. The loss of pollen to the system was still about 40%. A linear dose effect curve resulted in 327-2834 pollen\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (\u00b1 6.1%), the latter concentration being calculated as the amount deposited on epithelial cells on high pollen days. After whole pollen exposure, the largest differential gene expression at the transcriptomic level was late, about 7 hours after exposure. Inflammatory and response to stimulus related genes were up-regulated. We developed a whole pollen exposure air-liquid interface system (Pollen-ALI), in which cells can be gently and reliably dosed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T18:28:30Z","timestamp":1637087310000},"page":"e0259914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dosing intact birch pollen grains at the air-liquid interface (ALI) to the immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6239-6157","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joana","family":"Candeias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten B.","family":"Schmidt-Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Buters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259914.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.03.048","article-title":"The allergy epidemics: 1870-2010","volume":"136","author":"TAE Platts-Mills","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"pone.0259914.ref002","article-title":"Does the epithelial barrier hypothesis explain the increase in allergy, autoimmunity and other chronic conditions?","author":"CA Akdis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0259914.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1973.tb01319.x","article-title":"The size and weight of common allergenic pollens","volume":"28","author":"HM Brown","year":"1973","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0259914.ref004","first-page":"112","article-title":"Die Pollenkorngewichte einziger Pflanzen und ihre \u00d6kologische Bedeutung","volume":"57","author":"F. 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