{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:25:15Z","timestamp":1790706315232,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The utilization of perinatal care services among women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and male alcohol use is a major problem. Adequate and regular perinatal care is essential through the continuum of pregnancy to mitigate pregnancy and birth complications. The aim of this study is to determine the association between IPV and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care in Nepal. This study used pooled data from 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS). A total of 3067 women who interviewed for domestic violence module and had most recent live birth 5 years prior surveys were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between IPV and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care. Of the total women interviewed, 22% reported physical violence, 14% emotional violence, and 11% sexual violence. Women who were exposed to physical violence were significantly more likely to report non-usage of institutional delivery [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.30 (95% Cl: 1.01, 1.68)] and skilled delivery assistants [aOR = 1.43 (95% Cl: 1.10, 1.88)]. Non-attendance of 4 or more skilled antenatal care visits was associated with a combination of alcohol use by male partner and exposure to emotional [aOR = 1.42 (95% Cl: 1.01, 2.00)] and physical violence [aOR = 1.39 (95% Cl: 1.03, 1.88)]. The negative association between IPV and perinatal care suggests it is essential to develop comprehensive community-based interventions which integrates IPV support services with other health services to increase the uptake of perinatal care through the continuum of pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T18:33:26Z","timestamp":1638902006000},"page":"e0259980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between intimate partner violence and male alcohol use and the receipt of perinatal care: Evidence from Nepal demographic and health survey 2011\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6410-4154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Blessing","family":"Akombi-Inyang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7902-7294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pramesh Raj","family":"Ghimire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Archibong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4042-8047","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emma","family":"Woolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Husna","family":"Razee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259980.ref001","unstructured":"WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017. Geneva. World Health Organization. 2019."},{"key":"pone.0259980.ref002","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. World Health Organization; 2016."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0259980.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-8910.2014048005283","article-title":"Factors associated with lack of prenatal care in a large municipality","volume":"48","author":"CQ Rosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0259980.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.12968\/bjom.2020.28.11.788","article-title":"Factors associated with underutilisation of antenatal care services in Limpopo, South Africa","volume":"28","author":"SA Mulondo","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Journal of Midwifery"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0259980.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0735-0","article-title":"The associations between intimate partner violence and maternal health care service utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"A Musa","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC women\u2019s health"},{"key":"pone.0259980.ref006","volume-title":"Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0259980.ref007","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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Intimate partner violence and alcohol. https:\/\/www.who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/violence\/world_report\/factsheets\/ft_intimate.pdf. 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