{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:01:35Z","timestamp":1787022095535,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001631","name":"University College Dublin","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We compared the performance of dyslexic and typical readers on two perceptual tasks, the Vanderbilt Holistic Face Processing Task and the Holistic Word Processing Task. Both yield a metric of holistic processing that captures the extent to which participants automatically attend to information that is spatially nearby but irrelevant to the task at hand. Our results show, for the first time, that holistic processing of faces is comparable in dyslexic and typical readers but that dyslexic readers show greater holistic processing of words. Remarkably, we show that these metrics predict the performance of dyslexic readers on a standardized reading task, with more holistic processing in\n                    <jats:italic>both<\/jats:italic>\n                    tasks associated with higher accuracy and speed. In contrast, a more holistic style on the words task predicts less accurate reading of both words and pseudowords for typical readers. We discuss how these findings may guide our conceptualization of the visual deficit in dyslexia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T13:29:50Z","timestamp":1639574990000},"page":"e0259986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Holistic processing of faces and words predicts reading accuracy and speed in dyslexic readers"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9725-1441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nuala","family":"Brady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Darmody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona N.","family":"Newell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Cooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0259986.ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"PARTI Defining Dyslexia, Comorbidity, Teachers \u2018 Knowledge of Language and Reading A Definition of Dyslexia.","volume":"53","author":"GR Lyon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia."},{"key":"pone.0259986.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038081","article-title":"Cognitive profile of students Who enter higher education with an indication of Dyslexia.","volume":"7","author":"M Callens","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"pone.0259986.ref003","first-page":"8","article-title":"Visual word learning in adults with dyslexia","author":"RKW Kwok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"pone.0259986.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.186","article-title":"The Magnocellular Theory of Developmental Dyslexia","volume":"7","author":"J. 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