{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:51:30Z","timestamp":1785577890972,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007240","name":"Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Award # SA 18-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Award # SA 18-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program"},{"name":"National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund","award":["#45720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#45720"]}]},{"name":"Dauphin Island Sea Lab"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011887","name":"Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011887","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Alabama Emergency Management Agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The <jats:italic>Deepwater Horizon<\/jats:italic> (DWH) oil spill profoundly impacted the health of bottlenose dolphins (<jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>) in Barataria Bay, LA (BB). To comprehensively assess the cardiac health of dolphins living within the DWH oil spill footprint, techniques for in-water cardiac evaluation were refined with dolphins cared for by the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program in 2018 and applied to free-ranging bottlenose dolphins in BB (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 34) and Sarasota Bay, Florida (SB) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 19), a non-oiled reference population. Cardiac auscultation detected systolic murmurs in the majority of dolphins from both sites (88% BB, 89% SB) and echocardiography showed most of the murmurs were innocent flow murmurs attributed to elevated blood flow velocity [1]. Telemetric six-lead electrocardiography detected arrhythmias in BB dolphins (43%) and SB dolphins (31%), all of which were considered low to moderate risk for adverse cardiac events. Echocardiography showed BB dolphins had thinner left ventricular walls, with significant differences in intraventricular septum thickness at the end of diastole (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at the end of diastole (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.033). BB dolphins also had smaller left atrial size (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.004), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve prolapse (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), higher prevalence of tricuspid valve thickening (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.033), and higher prevalence of aortic valve thickening (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.008). Two dolphins in BB were diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on Doppler echocardiography-derived estimates and supporting echocardiographic findings. Histopathology of dolphins who stranded within the DWH oil spill footprint showed a significantly higher prevalence of myocardial fibrosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), regardless of age, compared to dolphins outside the oil spill footprint. In conclusion, there were substantial cardiac abnormalities identified in BB dolphins which may be related to DWH oil exposure, however, future work is needed to rule out other hypotheses and further elucidate the connection between oil exposure, pulmonary disease, and the observed cardiac abnormalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T18:41:35Z","timestamp":1639507295000},"page":"e0261112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cardiac assessments of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1560-3878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Barbara K.","family":"Linnehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Forrest M.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon M.","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adonia","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Colegrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1262-9274","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Craig A.","family":"Harms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Barratclough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alissa C.","family":"Deming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teri K.","family":"Rowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whitney B.","family":"Musser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Zolman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall S.","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori H.","family":"Schwacke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0261112.ref001","first-page":"7","article-title":"Standardization of dolphin cardiac auscultation and characterization of heart murmurs in managed and free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).","author":"BK Linnehan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"6172","key":"pone.0261112.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242747","article-title":"Crude oil impairs cardiac excitation-contraction coupling in fish","volume":"343","author":"F Brette","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0261112.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320950111","article-title":"Deepwater Horizon crude oil impacts the developing hearts of large predatory pelagic fish","volume":"111","author":"JP Incardona","year":"2014","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-017-0381-1","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of crude oil developmental toxicity in fish","volume":"73","author":"JP Incardona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2016.10.012","article-title":"Effects of crude oil on in situ cardiac function in young adult mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus).","volume":"180","author":"D Nelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41476","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41476","article-title":"A novel cardiotoxic mechanism for a pervasive global pollutant","volume":"7","author":"F Brette","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0261112.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0203949","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203949","article-title":"Combined effects of elevated temperature and Deepwater Horizon oil exposure on the cardiac performance of larval mahi-mahi, Coryphaena hippurus","volume":"13","author":"P Perrichon","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref008","first-page":"479","article-title":"The effects of crude oil vapor exposure on the cardiovascular system of rats","author":"W Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"In: Toxicologist."},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.04.010","article-title":"Dermal exposure to weathered MC252 crude oil results in echocardiographically identifiable systolic myocardial dysfunction in double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus).","volume":"146","author":"KE Harr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref010","article-title":"Deepwater Horizon oil spill exposures and nonfatal myocardial infarction in the GuLF STUDY","author":"J Strelitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0261112.ref011","first-page":"A54","article-title":"O29-3 Oil spill cleanup work and incident coronary heart disease in the gulf study","volume":"73","author":"J Strelitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0261112.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz017","article-title":"Exposure to total hydrocarbons during cleanup of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and risk of heart attack across 5 years of follow-up","volume":"188","author":"J Strelitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.09.026","article-title":"Self-reported myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease among oil spill workers and community members 5 years after Deepwater Horizon","volume":"168","author":"J Strelitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref014","article-title":"The development of long-term adverse health effects in oil spill cleanup workers of the Deepwater Horizon offshore drilling rig disaster","author":"MA D\u2019Andrea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00778","article-title":"Slow recovery of Barataria Bay dolphin health following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (2013\u20132014), with evidence of persistent lung disease and impaired stress response","volume":"33","author":"CR Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endanger Species Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0261112.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0126538","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126538","article-title":"Adrenal gland and lung lesions in Gulf of Mexico common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) found dead following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"10","author":"S Venn-Watson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0261112.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0117248","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117248","article-title":"Demographic clusters identified within the Northern Gulf of Mexico common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) unusual mortality event: January 2010\u2014June 2013","volume":"10","author":"S Venn-Watson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"1818","key":"pone.0261112.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20151944","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1944","article-title":"Reproductive outcome and survival of common bottlenose dolphins sampled in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, USA, following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"282","author":"M. Lane Suzanne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Royal Soc B"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1021\/es403610f","article-title":"Health of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"48","author":"LH Schwacke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00777","article-title":"Quantifying injury to common bottlenose dolphins from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using an age-, sex- and class-structured population model.","volume":"33","author":"LH Schwacke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endanger Species Res"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref021","article-title":"The Deepwater Horizon oil spill marine mammal injury assessment","author":"R Takeshita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endanger Species Res"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref022","first-page":"33","article-title":"Changes in immune functions in bottlenose dolphins in the northern Gulf of Mexico associated with the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.","author":"S De Guise","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endanger Species Rese"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02969","article-title":"Fetal distress and in utero pneumonia in perinatal dolphins during the Northern Gulf of Mexico unusual mortality event","volume":"119","author":"KM Colegrove","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Aquat Organ"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1638\/2013-0093.1","article-title":"Electrocardiograms of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) out of water: habituated collection versus wild postcapture animals","volume":"44","author":"CA Harms","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0261112.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1638\/2017-0140.1","article-title":"Comparison of a smartphone-based electrocardiogram device with a standard six-lead electrocardiogram in the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).","volume":"49","author":"TJ Yaw","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6055","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7055","article-title":"Exercise at depth alters bradycardia and incidence of cardiac anomalies in deep-diving marine mammals","volume":"6","author":"TM Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1_supplement","key":"pone.0261112.ref027","first-page":"1230.9","article-title":"Heart rate regulation in the killer whale","volume":"30","author":"N Bickett","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"22","key":"pone.0261112.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.10.020","article-title":"Cognitive control of heart rate in diving harbor porpoises","volume":"26","author":"SL Elmegaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"50","key":"pone.0261112.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25329","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1914273116","article-title":"Extreme bradycardia and tachycardia in the world\u2019s largest animal","volume":"116","author":"JA Goldbogen","year":"2019","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1638\/05-116.1","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of the bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).","volume":"37","author":"M Sklansky","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref031","article-title":"Handbook of transthoracic cardiac ultrasound examination in bottlenose dolphins","author":"S Miedler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vienna"},{"issue":"Pt 22","key":"pone.0261112.ref032","first-page":"3604","article-title":"Evaluating cardiac physiology through echocardiography in bottlenose dolphins: using stroke volume and cardiac output to estimate systolic left ventricular function during rest and following exercise","volume":"218","author":"S Miedler","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2012.07.002","article-title":"Within-day and between-day variability of transthoracic anatomic M-mode echocardiography in the awake bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).","volume":"14","author":"V Chetboul","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref034","article-title":"Health assessments of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): past, present, and potential conservation applications.","author":"A Barratclough","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-54523-1_8","volume-title":"Primates and Cetaceans: Field Research and Conservation of Complex Mammalian Societies","author":"RS Wells","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref036","first-page":"572","volume-title":"Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography E-Book","author":"CM Otto","year":"2013"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0261112.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01950.x","article-title":"Diagnostic value of echo-doppler and tissue doppler imaging in dogs with pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"21","author":"F Serres","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vet Int Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.1.73","article-title":"Noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery diastolic pressure in patients with tricuspid regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography","volume":"116","author":"B Stephen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0261112.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.229.11.1772","article-title":"Doppler echocardiography\u2013derived evidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease: 86 cases (2001\u20132005).","volume":"229","author":"FJ Serres","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAVMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0261112.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.55.307","article-title":"An attempt to estimate the pulmonary artery pressure in dogs by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography","volume":"55","author":"Y. Uehara","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0261112.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.68.2.302","article-title":"Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary hypertension by a pulsed Doppler technique","volume":"68","author":"A Kitabatake","year":"1983","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0261112.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.3.734","article-title":"Levy Daniel. Determinants of echocardiographic aortic root size","volume":"91","author":"S. Vasan Ramachandran","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref043","first-page":"264","volume-title":"Equine Cardiology.","author":"M. Patteson","year":"1996"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0261112.ref044","first-page":"501","article-title":"Electrocardiogram of bottle-nosed dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).","volume":"31","author":"RL Hamlin","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0261112.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1933.02740310020005","article-title":"The systolic murmur: its clinical significance","volume":"101","author":"SA Levine","year":"1933","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref046","first-page":"2142","volume-title":"Braunwald\u2019s Heart Disease E-Book: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine.","author":"DP Zipes","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref047","first-page":"464","volume-title":"Manual of Canine and Feline Cardiology","author":"LP Tilley","year":"2008"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1578\/AM.38.1.2012.17","article-title":"Age distribution and growth of two bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) populations from capture-release studies in the Southeastern United States","volume":"38","author":"W. Mcfee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquat Mamm"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1989.tb00346.x","article-title":"Growth layers in teeth from known-age, free-ranging bottlenose dolphins","volume":"5","author":"AA Hohn","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mar Mamm Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0261112.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0242273","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242273","article-title":"Age determination of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) using dental radiography pulp:tooth area ratio measurements","volume":"15","author":"JM Herrman","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref051","first-page":"687","author":"JS Mattoon","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-8932.109910","article-title":"Pulmonary heart disease: The heart-lung interaction and its impact on patient phenotypes","volume":"3","author":"PR Forfia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0261112.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1968.215.6.1498","article-title":"Hemodynamic and coronary angiographic studies in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).","volume":"215","author":"L Sommer","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Legacy Content"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01032-2015","article-title":"2015 ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS)Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT).","volume":"46","author":"N Gali\u00e8","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.05.134","article-title":"Oiling of the continental shelf and coastal marshes over eight years after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"252","author":"RE Turner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0261112.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65087","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065087","article-title":"Extent and degree of shoreline oiling: Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Gulf of Mexico, USA","volume":"8","author":"J Michel","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3354\/meps11811","article-title":"Nearshore exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil","volume":"576","author":"S Rouhani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0261112.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1995.tb00669.x","article-title":"Satellite-monitored movements and dive behavior of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Tampa Bay, Florida.","volume":"11","author":"BR Mate","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mar Mamm Sci"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref059","article-title":"Recognizing two populations off the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) of the Atlantic coast of North America\u2014morphologic and ecologic considerations","author":"JG Mead","year":"1995"},{"issue":"1402","key":"pone.0261112.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0416","article-title":"Genetic differentiation between parapatric \u201cnearshore\u201d and \u201coffshore\u201d populations of the bottlenose dolphi","volume":"265","author":"AR Hoelzel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00838","article-title":"Modeling tissue and blood gas kinetics in coastal and offshore common bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus","volume":"9","author":"A Fahlman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front in Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1644\/05-MAMM-A-365R1.1","article-title":"Offshore bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): movement and dive behavior near the Bermuda pedestal","volume":"88","author":"LJ Klatsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00139","article-title":"Evaluation of potential protective factors against metabolic syndrome in bottlenose dolphins: feeding and activity patterns of dolphins in sarasota bay, Florida","volume":"4","author":"RS Wells","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref064","first-page":"33","article-title":"Ranging patterns of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","author":"R Wells","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endanger Spec Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0261112.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2015.08.002","article-title":"Endurance exercise-induced cardiac remodeling: not all sports are created equal.","volume":"28","author":"MM Wasfy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0261112.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.3.336","article-title":"The athlete\u2019s heart","volume":"101","author":"M. Pluim Babette","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref067","article-title":"Metabolic mechanisms of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling","author":"K Fulghum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01700","article-title":"Left ventricular structure and function in elite swimmers and runners","volume":"9","author":"KD Currie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref069","first-page":"5","article-title":"Poisoning by crude oil in sheep and goats","author":"JS Batista","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revue M\u00e9d V\u00e9t."},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.102795","article-title":"1994 livestock field investigation of two ranches associated with a pipeline break","author":"MS Mostrom","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261112.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03546937","article-title":"Long term ECG recording with Holter monitoring in clinically healthy horses","volume":"33","author":"M. Raekallio","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0261112.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.137.15.371","article-title":"Continuous monitoring of ECG in horses at rest and during exercise","volume":"137","author":"S Cw","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref073","first-page":"59","author":"G van Loon","year":"2010"},{"issue":"S19","key":"pone.0261112.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04992.x","article-title":"Review Article: Heart murmurs in horses: determining their significance with echocardiography","volume":"27","author":"VB Reef","year":"1995","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0261112.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12410","article-title":"Exercise testing in the equine athlete.","volume":"28","author":"KJ Allen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"pone.0261112.ref076","article-title":"Evaluation of high grade atrioventricular block in a geriatric bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops runcates).","author":"BK Linnehan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc IAAAM Virtual Conf"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T18:42:46Z","timestamp":1639507366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261112"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Corsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261112","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]}}}