{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:58:33Z","timestamp":1775069913585,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Changes in cerebral cortical regions occur in HIV-infected patients, even in those with mild neurocognitive disorders. Working memory \/ attention is one of the most affected cognitive domain in these patients, worsening their quality of life. Our objective was to assess whether cortical thickness differs between HIV-infected patients with and without working memory deficit.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Forty-one adult HIV-infected patients with and without working memory deficit were imaged on a 1.5 T scanner. Working memory deficit was classified by composite <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> scores for performance on the Digits and Letter-Number Sequencing subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (third edition; WAIS-III). Cortical thickness was determined using FreeSurfer software. Differences in mean cortical thickness between groups, corrected for multiple comparisons using Monte-Carlo simulation, were examined using the query design estimate contrast tool of the FreeSurfer software.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Greater cortical thickness in left <jats:italic>pars opercularis<\/jats:italic> of the inferior frontal gyrus, and rostral and caudal portions of the left middle frontal gyrus (cluster 1; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .004), and left superior frontal gyrus (cluster 2; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .004) was observed in HIV-infected patients with working memory deficit compared with those without such deficit. Negative correlations were found between WAIS-III\u2013based <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> scores and cortical thickness in the two clusters (cluster 1: <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = \u20130.59; cluster 2: <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = \u20130.47).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>HIV-infected patients with working memory deficit have regions of greater thickness in the left frontal cortices compared with those without such deficit, which may reflect increased synaptic contacts and\/or an inflammatory response related to the damage caused by HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T18:29:18Z","timestamp":1639160958000},"page":"e0261208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preliminary 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