{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T12:10:10Z","timestamp":1767183010799,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health is a significant problem following exposure to a traumatic event. This study aimed to examine quarantine-related experiences, traumatic stress, and coping strategies among adults quarantined in Saudi Arabia due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure or travel history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals aged \u2265 18 years who were quarantined in Saudi Arabia due to COVID-19 exposure or travel history were included. We used a sequential mixed methods design, using an online survey followed by in-depth individual telephonic interviews. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES\u2013R) was used to measure post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after the quarantine. To identify factors associated with significant symptoms (IES\u2013R score \u2265 33), prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals were computed using Poisson regression with robust error variance. In the next phase, a subset of the participants (n = 26) were interviewed to elicit their quarantine-related experiences and coping responses. Major themes and subthemes were identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 111 adults who completed the survey, 32 (28.8% [95% CI, 21.1\u201338.0%]) had significant PTSD symptoms (IES\u2013R score \u2265 33) and 27 (24.3% [95% CI, 17.2\u201333.3%]) had severe symptoms (IES\u2013R score &gt; 37). Marital status was the only variable that was significantly associated with significant PTSD symptoms (P = 0.028). Significant symptoms were twice as prevalent in married adults than among other marital groups (PR 2.00, 95% CI, 1.08\u20133.72). Participants reported negative emotions such as overwhelming fear, helplessness, anxiety, and disgust. Participants utilized both problem-centered coping (e.g., use of social support) and emotion-centered coping (e.g., use of positive diversionary activities) during the quarantine period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PTSD symptoms were present in one out of every four quarantined persons. The quarantine experience is viewed negatively. These findings highlight the need for increased awareness about stress-related disorders among quarantined individuals. Efforts are needed to detect and manage these symptoms early while making the quarantine experience more satisfying for the involved individuals and groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T14:20:55Z","timestamp":1642083655000},"page":"e0261967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quarantine-related traumatic stress, views, and experiences during the first wave of Coronavirus pandemic: A mixed-methods study among adults in Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2522-9234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Halah","family":"Bin Helayel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4797-8423","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anwar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1569-0628","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syed Khabir","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abeer","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruhi","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1070-7232","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samar A.","family":"Al-Swailem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10229","key":"pone.0261967.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30673-5","article-title":"COVID-19: towards controlling of a pandemic","volume":"395","author":"J Bedford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0261967.ref002","unstructured":"Quarantine and Isolation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [cited 2021 November 15]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/quarantine\/index.html."},{"issue":"10227","key":"pone.0261967.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30460-8","article-title":"The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence","volume":"395","author":"SK Brooks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0261967.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013674","article-title":"Predictive factors of psychological disorder development during recovery following SARS outbreak","volume":"28","author":"M Mihashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0261967.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020932207","article-title":"COVID-19 quarantine: Post-traumatic stress symptomatology among Lebanese citizens","volume":"66","author":"M Fawaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Soc 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Ebola contacts\u2019 perceptions in Senegal","volume":"178","author":"A Desclaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0295890","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261967","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T14:21:26Z","timestamp":1642083686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261967"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Soo-Hee","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261967","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]}}}