{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:02:55Z","timestamp":1789495375463,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited empirical evidence in Ethiopia on the determinants of treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who were enrolled to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Thus, this study investigated the determinants of treatment outcomes in patients with MDR-TB at referral hospitals in Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Design and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was underpinned by a cross-sectional quantitative research design that guided both data collection and analysis. Data is collected using structured questionnaire and data analyses was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Multi-variable logistic regression was used to control for confounders in determining the association between treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and selected predictor variables, such as co-morbidity with MDR-TB and body mass index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From the total of 136 patients with MDR-TB included in this study, 31% had some co-morbidity with MDR-TB at baseline, and 64% of the patients had a body mass index of less than 18.5 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . At 24 months after commencing treatment, 76 (69%), n = 110), of the patients had successfully completed treatment, while 30 (27%) died of the disease. The odds of death was significantly higher among patients with low body mass index (AOR = 2.734, 95% CI: 1.01\u20137.395; P&lt;0.048) and those with some co-morbidity at baseline (AOR = 4.260, 95%CI: 1.607\u201311.29; p&lt;0.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The higher proportion of mortality among patients treated for MDR-TB at Adama and Nekemte Hospitals, central Ethiopia, is attributable to co-morbidities with MDR-TB, including HIV\/AIDS and malnutrition. Improving socio-economic and nutritional support and provision of integrated care for MDR-TB and HIV\/AIDS is recommended to mitigate the higher level of death among patients treated for MDR-TB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T13:43:01Z","timestamp":1645105381000},"page":"e0262318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and its determinants at referral hospitals in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1032-2594","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mengistu K.","family":"Wakjira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter T.","family":"Sandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H.","family":"Mavhandu-Mudzusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0262318.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19132-4","volume-title":"Tuberculosis in adults and children","author":"D Heemskerk","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0262318.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv176","article-title":"Ancient disease, modern epidemiology: a century of progress in understanding and fighting tuberculosis","volume":"183","author":"A Zwerling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0262318.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b16604","volume-title":"Clinical tuberculosis","author":"PDO Davies","year":"2014","edition":"5"},{"key":"pone.0262318.ref004","unstructured":"Ribon W, editor. Tuberculosis: expanding knowledge. 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