{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:42:50Z","timestamp":1777675370176,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education and Qassim University","award":["QU-IF-1-4-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QU-IF-1-4-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brucellae are intracellular sneaky bacteria and they can elude the host\u2019s defensive mechanisms, resulting in therapeutic failure. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to rapid identification of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> species collected from animals and humans in Saudi Arabia, as well as to evaluate their resistance to antibiotics. On selective media, 364 animal samples as well as 70 human blood samples were cultured. Serological and biochemical approaches were initially used to identify a total of 25 probable cultured isolates. The proteomics of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> species were identified using the MALDI Biotyper (MBT) system, which was subsequently verified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and microfluidic electrophoresis assays. Both <jats:italic>Brucella melitensis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>melitensis<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abortus<\/jats:italic>) were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using Kirby Bauer method and the E-test. In total, 25 samples were positive for Brucella and included 11 <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>melitensis<\/jats:italic> and 14 <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abortus<\/jats:italic> isolates. Twenty-two out of 25 (88%) and 24\/25 (96%) of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> strains were recognized through the Vitek 2 Compact system. While MBT was magnificently identified 100% of the strains at the species level with a score value more than or equal to 2.00. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and ampicillin resistance in <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>melitensis<\/jats:italic> was 36.36%, 31.82%, 27.27%, and 22.70%, respectively. Rifampin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin-sulbactam resistance was found in 35.71%, 32.14%, 32.14%, and 28.57% of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abortus<\/jats:italic> isolates, correspondingly. MBT confirmed by microfluidic electrophoresis is a successful approach for identifying <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> species at the species level. The resistance of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>melitensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abortus<\/jats:italic> to various antibiotics should be investigated in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T18:53:53Z","timestamp":1642100033000},"page":"e0262551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Proteomics-based screening and antibiotic resistance assessment of clinical and sub-clinical Brucella species: An evolution of brucellosis infection control"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-9532","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ayman","family":"Elbehiry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Musaad","family":"Aldubaib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamah","family":"Al Rugaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Marzouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwan","family":"Abaalkhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihab","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed H.","family":"El-Husseiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Abalkhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Rawway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0262551.ref001","first-page":"47","volume":"77","author":"H. 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