{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:49:49Z","timestamp":1792788589014,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PROJECT NO.PSF-TUBITAK\/C-COMSATS"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cause of tumorigenesis and several pathogenic bacteria have been correlated with aggressive cases of cancer i.e., genotoxin (colibactin) producing\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli)<\/jats:italic>\n . This study was designed to investigate the genetic diversity of clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n E<\/jats:italic>\n . coli strains and their association with CRC. Pathogenic\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates from colorectal biopsies were characterized based on phylotypes, antibiotic resistance pattern, and (Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Sequence-based Polymerase Chain Reaction) ERIC-PCR. Furthermore, isolates were screened for the presence of the\n Pks<\/jats:italic>\n (polyketide synthase)\n Island<\/jats:italic>\n specifically targeting colibactin genes A and Q. The selective clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n isolates were subjected to cytotoxicity assay using Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell lines. We revealed that 43.47% of the cancer-associated\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were from phylogroup B2 comparatively more pathogenic than rest while in the case of healthy controls no isolate was found from B2. Moreover, 90% were found positive for colibactin and\n pks<\/jats:italic>\n (polyketide synthase) island, while none of the healthy controls were found positive for colibactin genes. All healthy and cancer-associated isolates were tested against 15 antibiotic agents, we observed that cancer-associated isolates showed a wide range of resistance from 96% against Nalidixic acid to 48% against Doxycycline. Moreover,\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were further genotyped using ERIC-PCR, and selected clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n clb\n +<\/jats:sup>\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were subjected to cytotoxicity assay. We recorded the significant cytotoxic activity of clb+clb+\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n phylogroup B2 isolates that might have contributed towards the progression of CRC or dysbiosis of healthy gut microbiota protecting against CRC pathogenesis. Our results revealed a significant\n p<\/jats:italic>\n <0.023 association of dietary habits and hygiene\n p<\/jats:italic>\n <0.001with CRC. This is the first study to report the prevalence of\n E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n coli<\/jats:italic>\n phylogroups and the role of colibactin most virulent phylogroup B2 among Pakistani individuals from low socioeconomic setup.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T13:26:51Z","timestamp":1668173211000},"page":"e0262662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Colibactin possessing E. coli isolates in association with colorectal cancer and their genetic diversity among Pakistani population"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Habiba","family":"Tariq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zobia","family":"Noreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aftab","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laraib","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mashhood","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneela","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanil","family":"Kocagoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ugur","family":"Sezerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2171-6062","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Habib","family":"Bokhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0262662.ref001","author":"B. 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Clermont","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environmental microbiology reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0262662.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-017-0185-x","article-title":"Prevalence of pks-positive Escherichia coli in Japanese patients with or without colorectal cancer","volume":"9","author":"T. Shimpoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut pathogens"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0262662.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22838","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22838","article-title":"Prevalence of pks gene cluster and characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae\u2010induced bloodstream infections","volume":"33","author":"Y. Lan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of clinical laboratory analysis"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0262662","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T13:27:19Z","timestamp":1668173239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0262662"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Wo\u017aniakowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0262662","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]}}}