{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T04:52:38Z","timestamp":1771044758387,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005369","name":"Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["16-P01-TAN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-P01-TAN"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005369","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007437","name":"TrygFonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101390 & 20045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101390 & 20045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007437","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data on the role of helminths on diabetes in Africa are limited. We investigated whether <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> and geohelminth infections are associated with \u03b2-cell function and insulin resistance among adults.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults during 2016\u20132017. Demography, <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> and geohelminth infections, HIV and insulin data were collected. Insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test (fasting, 30, and 120-min), overall insulin secretion index, insulinogenic index, HOMA-\u03b2, and HOMA-IR were main outcome measures for \u03b2-cell function and insulin resistance, respectively. Generalized estimating equations and generalized linear models assessed the association of <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> and geohelminth infections with outcome measures separately by HIV status. Outcomes were presented as marginal means with 95% CI.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data were obtained for 1718 participants. <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with higher 30-min insulin (24.2 mU\/L, 95% CI: 6.9, 41.6) and overall insulin secretion index (13.3 pmol\/L\/mmol\/L; 3.7, 22.9) among HIV-uninfected participants but with lower fasting insulin (-0.9 mU\/L; -1.6, -0.2), 120-min insulin (-12.0 mU\/L; -18.9, -5.1), and HOMA-IR (-0.3 mmol\/L; -0.6, -0.05) among HIV-infected participants not yet on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among HIV-infected participants not on ART, geohelminth infection was associated with lower fasting insulin (-0.9 mU\/L; -1.6, -0.2), 120-min insulin (-9.1 mU\/L; -17.3, -1.0), HOMA-\u03b2 (-8.9 mU\/L)\/(mmol\/L; -15.3, -2.6) and overall insulin release index (-5.1 pmol\/L\/mmol\/L; -10.3, 0.02), although this was marginally significant. There was no association among those on ART.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with higher \u03b2-cell function among HIV-uninfected participants whereas <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> and geohelminth infections were associated with reduced \u03b2-cell function among HIV-infected participants not on ART.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T18:38:26Z","timestamp":1643135906000},"page":"e0262860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The association of Schistosoma and geohelminth infections with \u03b2-cell function and insulin resistance among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults: A cross-sectional study in Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0329-4839","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"George","family":"PrayGod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Filteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nyagosya","family":"Range","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaushik","family":"Ramaiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kidola","family":"Jeremiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9967-5822","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rikke","family":"Krogh-Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Friis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8561-0155","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Faurholt-Jepsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0262860.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34261","article-title":"Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases","volume":"118","author":"P.J. 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