{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:00:00Z","timestamp":1777370400269,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Perforation of the lingual plate in the apical region of mandibular third molars will increase the risk of aberration and migration of the root tip and the risk of lingual nerve injury. The aim of this study was to analyze anatomical information, including relationships between the apical region of horizontally impacted mandibular third molars and lingual plates, in young Japanese.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Japanese patients, with horizontally impacted third molars, who underwent CT examination as a preoperative assessment for mandibular third molar extraction were included, and anatomical characteristics in the apical region of the right mandibular third molar were analyzed, in this study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 121 patients were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The mean and standard deviation of the bone thickness on the lingual side of the mandibular third molar in the apical region was 1.5 \u00b1 1.6 mm, and the absence of lingual cortical bone in the apical region, namely, \u201cperforation\u201d, was observed in 44 patients. The statistical analysis revealed the predictors of cases with perforation as follows: gender, age, and the available space evaluated by Pell and Gregory classification.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study clarified that \u201cperforation\u201d was sometimes observed in young Japanese, and that the predictors of those cases were as follows: gender, age, and the available space evaluated by Pell and Gregory classification.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T18:34:01Z","timestamp":1643135641000},"page":"e0263094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Lingual bone thickness in the apical region of the horizontal mandibular third molar: A cross-sectional study in young Japanese"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0299-7188","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shinpei","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0263094.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2016.06.005","article-title":"Is the angulation of mandibular third molars associated with the thickness of lingual bone?","volume":"54","author":"L Tolstunov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263094.ref002","first-page":"e130","article-title":"The assessment of relationship between the angulation of impacted mandibular third molar teeth and the thickness of lingual bone: A prospective clinical study","volume":"24","author":"D Menziletoglu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0263094.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2020.12.049","article-title":"Degree of compression of the inferior alveolar canal on cone-beam computed tomography and outcomes of postoperative nerve injury in mandibular third molar surgery","volume":"79","author":"A Sklavos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0263094.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19177","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019177","article-title":"Breakage and migration of a high-speed dental hand-piece bur during mandibular third molar extraction: Two case reports","volume":"99","author":"S Matsuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39268","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39268","article-title":"Topographic relationship between root apex of mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar and lingual plate: cross-sectional analysis using CBCT","volume":"6","author":"D Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263094.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1077","article-title":"Tissue contributions to sex and race: differences in tooth crown size of deciduous molars","volume":"115","author":"EF Harris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref007","first-page":"330","article-title":"Impacted mandibular third molars: Classification and Impacted mandibular third molars: Classification and modified technique for removal","volume":"39","author":"GJ Pell","year":"1933","journal-title":"Dent Digest"},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref008","unstructured":"American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Supporting information to the management of patients with third molar teeth. (2017). https:\/\/www.aaoms.org\/images\/uploads\/pdfs\/management_third_molar_supporting_information.pdf."},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6664434","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6664434","article-title":"Association of oral hygiene and periodontal health with third molar pericoronitis: A cross-sectional study","volume":"2021","author":"MG Caymaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0263094.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0424","article-title":"The association of mandibular third molar impaction with the dental and periodontal lesions in the adjacent second molars","volume":"92","author":"S Tai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263094.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2016.08.005","article-title":"Effect of flap design on periodontal healing after impacted third molar extraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"YW Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0263094.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2020.06.022","article-title":"Modified envelope flap, a novel incision design, can relieve complications after extraction of fully horizontal impacted mandibular third molar","volume":"16","author":"Q Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0263094.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.02.012","article-title":"A retrospective cross-sectional study of the effect of liposomal bupivacaine on postoperative opioid prescribing after third molar extraction","volume":"79","author":"SE Lieblich","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39126","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39126","article-title":"Adjacent tooth trauma in complicated mandibular third molar surgery: Risk degree classification and digital surgical simulation","volume":"6","author":"ZX Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263094.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14405","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14914-8","article-title":"Mesiolingual root rotation for horizontal mandibular third molar extraction: position classification and surgical simulation","volume":"7","author":"ZX Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263094.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81449-4","article-title":"Deep learning based prediction of extraction difficulty for mandibular third molars","volume":"11","author":"JH Yoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263094.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70474-4","article-title":"Personal identification with orthopantomography using simple convolutional neural networks: a preliminary study","volume":"10","author":"S Matsuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0263094.ref018","article-title":"Artificial intelligence applications in restorative dentistry: A systematic review","author":"M Revilla-Le\u00f3n","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270541","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T18:34:21Z","timestamp":1643135661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263094"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Tanay","family":"Chaubal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263094","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270541","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]}}}