{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T19:52:59Z","timestamp":1767988379843,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Mass vaccination is the key element in controlling current COVID-19 pandemic. Studies comparing immunogenicity of different COVID-19 vaccines are largely lacking. We aimed at measuring anti-S antibody (Ab) levels in individuals fully vaccinated with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac, as well as in COVID-19 convalescents.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, serum was collected from 400 age- and sex-matched participants, 100 fully vaccinated with BNT162b2, 100 with BBIBP-CorV and 100 with Gam-COVID-Vac on the 28<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> day after the second vaccine dose, and 100 recovered from COVID-19 at least 28 days after symptom(s) resolution. Sera were analyzed using the LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1\/S2 IgG assay (DiaSorin, Saluggia, Italy). Wilcoxon rank-sum or Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests was used for comparison of Ab levels.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Highest mean value (210.11, SD = 100.42) was measured in the BNT162b2 group, followed by Gam-COVID-Vac (171.11, SD = 120.69) and BBIBP-CorV (68.50, SD = 72.78) AU\/mL (p&lt;0.001). Significant differences in antibody levels were found between BNT162b2 and BBIBP-CorV (p&lt;0.001), BNT162b2 and Gam-COVID-Vac (p = 0.001), as well as BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac groups (p&lt;0.001). Percentage of seropositive was 81% in the convalescent group, 83% in BBIBP-CorV vaccinated and 100% in BNT162b2 and Gam-COVID-Vac. When comparing measured antibody levels in vaccinated to those in COVID-19 recovered, significantly higher antibody levels were found for vaccinated with BNT162b2 (p&lt;0.001), and with Gam-COVID-Vac (p&lt;0.001), while for BBIBP-CorV there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.641).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All three investigated vaccines, BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac, provide robust immune response 28 days after the second dose of vaccine, in the majority of participants. All individuals vaccinated with BNT162b2 and Gam-COVID-Vac seroconverted, while in vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV and COVID-19 recovered seroconversion rates were lower. Although less potent compared to other two vaccines, immune response after BBIBP-CorV was similar to response measured in convalescents. Challenge still remains to examine dynamics and durability of immunoprotection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T18:33:06Z","timestamp":1643826786000},"page":"e0263468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Immunogenicity of BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac vaccines and immunity after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection\u2014A comparative study from Novi Sad, Serbia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Petrovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9561-7825","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Vukovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7068-2882","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Pati\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9932-6403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Markovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mioljub","family":"Risti\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0263468.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00434-6","article-title":"Immunological considerations for COVID-19 vaccine strategies","volume":"20","author":"M Jeyanathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.6.2100096","article-title":"Impact of age, ethnicity, sex and prior infection status on immunogenicity following a single dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: real-world evidence from healthcare workers, Israel, December 2020 to January 2021","volume":"26","author":"K Abu Jabal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1038\/d41573-020-00073-5","article-title":"The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape","volume":"19","author":"T Thanh Le","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabe8065","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe8065","article-title":"Immunogenicity of clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in nonhuman primates and humans","volume":"7","author":"PJ Klasse","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref005","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness\u2014the elephant (not) in the room","author":"P Olliaro","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref006","unstructured":"McGill COVID19 Vaccine Tracker Team. Serbia\u2014COVID19 Vaccine Tracker. 2021 [cited 20 Oct 2021]. https:\/\/covid19.trackvaccines.org\/country\/serbia\/"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01480-7","article-title":"BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: First Approval","volume":"81","author":"YN Lamb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30831-8","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1\/2 trial","volume":"21","author":"S Xia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31866-3","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1\/2 studies from Russia","volume":"396","author":"DY Logunov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.01.007","article-title":"Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19","volume":"184","author":"A Sette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0247606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247606","article-title":"Validation of the STANDARD Q COVID-19 antigen test in Vojvodina, Serbia","volume":"16","author":"M Risti\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref012","article-title":"The Characterization of Disease Severity Associated IgG Subclasses Response in COVID-19 Patients","volume":"12","author":"H Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0263468.ref013","unstructured":"Diasorin S.p.A. 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