{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:28:07Z","timestamp":1787794087273,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD08463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD08463"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Futura Medical"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A key barrier to the consistent use of condoms is their negative effect on sexual pleasure. Although sexual pleasure is a primary motivation for engaging in sex and is an integral part of overall sexual health, most programs to improve sexual health operate within a pregnancy and disease-prevention paradigm. A new condom, CSD500 (Futura Medical Developments; Surrey, UK), containing an erectogenic drug was developed for use among healthy couples to improve sexual pleasure by increasing penile firmness, size and erection duration. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test whether promoting the novel condom CSD500 for improved sexual pleasure is effective in reducing condomless sex compared to the provision of standard condoms with counseling for pregnancy and disease prevention. We randomized 500 adult, heterosexual, monogamous couples in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam to receive either CSD500 (n = 248) or standard condoms (n = 252). At enrollment and after 2, 4, and 6 months, we interviewed women and sampled vaginal fluid to test for the presence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), an objective, biological marker of recent semen exposure. We registered the protocol before trial initiation at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02934620). Overall, 11.0% of women were PSA positive at enrollment. The proportion of follow-up visits with PSA-positivity did not differ between the intervention (6.8%) and control arms (6.7%; relative risk, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.66\u20131.54). Thus, we found no evidence that promoting an erectogenic condom to women in a monogamous, heterosexual relationship in Vietnam reduced their exposure to their partner\u2019s semen. These findings might not hold for other populations, especially those with a higher frequency of condomless sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T18:40:59Z","timestamp":1645123259000},"page":"e0263503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of erectogenic condom against semen exposure among women in Vietnam: Randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nghia C.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truong N.","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van T.","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Andridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Casterline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9411-4767","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria F.","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9939","key":"pone.0263503.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62230-8","article-title":"Transformation of HIV from pandemic to low-endemic levels: a public health approach to combination prevention","volume":"384","author":"A Jones","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0263503.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e632","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30226-7","article-title":"The disconnect between individual-level and population-level HIV prevention benefits of antiretroviral treatment","volume":"6","author":"S Baral","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0805-7","article-title":"Reasons for nonuse of contraceptive methods by women with demand for contraception not satisfied: an assessment of low and middle-income countries using demographic and health surveys","volume":"16","author":"LR Moreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"pone.0263503.ref004","unstructured":"United Nations Population Fund. The promise of equality: gender equity, reproductive health and the Millennium Development Goals. 2005."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0263503.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2012.02700.x","article-title":"Sexual pleasure during condom-protected vaginal sex among heterosexual men","volume":"9","author":"DJ Hensel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.115790","article-title":"Pleasure, power, and inequality: incorporating sexuality into research on contraceptive use","volume":"98","author":"JA Higgins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0263503.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1071\/SH04009","article-title":"Safer sex or pleasurable sex? Rethinking condom use in the AIDS era","volume":"1","author":"SI Khan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0263503.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2013.11.012","article-title":"\"And isn\u2019t that the point?\": pleasure and contraceptive decisions","volume":"89","author":"J. Fennell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0263503.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1071\/SH06026","article-title":"Erection loss in association with condom use among young men attending a public STI clinic: Potential correlates and implications for risk behaviour","volume":"3","author":"CA Graham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0422-3","article-title":"Correlates of condom-associated erection problems in young, heterosexual men: condom fit, self-efficacy, perceptions, and motivations","volume":"18","author":"SA Sanders","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1071\/SH11095","article-title":"Condom use errors and problems: a global view","volume":"9","author":"SA Sanders","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263503.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988307301276","article-title":"Correlates of putting condoms on after sex has begun and of removing them before sex ends: a study of men attending an urban public STD clinic","volume":"1","author":"WL Yarber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.02031.x","article-title":"When condom use is not condom use: an event-level analysis of condom use behaviors during vaginal intercourse","volume":"8","author":"DJ Hensel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1071\/SH11095","article-title":"Condom use errors and problems: a global view","volume":"9","author":"SA Sanders","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263503.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120410001665321","article-title":"Delayed application of condoms, withdrawal and negotiation of safer sex among heterosexual young adults","volume":"16","author":"R. De Visser","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"pone.0263503.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195093582.001.0001","volume-title":"With pleasure: thoughts on the nature of human sexuality","author":"PR Abramson","year":"1995"},{"key":"pone.0263503.ref017","volume-title":"Defining sexual health: Report of a technical consultation on sexual health, 28\u201331 January 2002","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006"},{"issue":"9551","key":"pone.0263503.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69810-3","article-title":"Promoting protection and pleasure: Amplifying the effectiveness of barriers against sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy","volume":"368","author":"A Philpott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0263503.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31828b2f77","article-title":"Biological markers of sexual activity: tools for improving measurement in HIV\/STI prevention research","volume":"40","author":"MF Gallo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0263503.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"PA Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0263503.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2012.09.033","article-title":"Optimal methods for collecting and storing vaginal specimens for prostate-specific antigen testing in research studies","volume":"87","author":"MF Gallo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0263503.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp219","article-title":"Biomarker validation of reports of recent sexual activity: results of a randomized controlled study in Zimbabwe","volume":"170","author":"AM Minnis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0263503.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31827938a1","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of counseling messages for avoiding unprotected sexual intercourse during STI and RTI treatment among female patients","volume":"40","author":"C Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0263503.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1258\/095646207779949899","article-title":"Validity of self-reported \u201csafe sex\u201d among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya\u2013PSA analysis","volume":"18","author":"MF Gallo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263503.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(00)00046-5","article-title":"Statistical considerations in the intent-to-treat principle","volume":"21","author":"JM Lachin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0263503.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2011.01.021","article-title":"Contraceptive failure in the United States","volume":"83","author":"J. Trussell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263503.ref027","first-page":"CD003255","article-title":"Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission","author":"S Weller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0263503.ref028","first-page":"454","article-title":"Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections","volume":"82","author":"KK Holmes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"pone.0263503.ref029","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current contraceptive status among women aged 15\u201349: United States, 2017\u20132019","volume":"388","author":"K Daniels","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0263503.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2011.00290.x","article-title":"Is women\u2019s self-efficacy in negotiating sexual decisionmaking associated with condom use in marital relationships in Vietnam?","volume":"42","author":"M Do","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stud Fam Plann"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0263503.ref031","first-page":"CD010662","article-title":"Behavioral interventions for improving condom use for dual protection","author":"LM Lopez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0263503.ref032","first-page":"CD010915","article-title":"Behavioral interventions for improving dual-method contraceptive use","author":"LM Lopez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0263503.ref033","first-page":"CD003363","article-title":"Structural and community-level interventions for increasing condom use to prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections","author":"R Moreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"pone.0263503.ref034","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Methodological challenges in biomedical HIV prevention trials","author":"Institute of the Medicine of the National Academies (IOM)","year":"2008"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0263503.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318223be4b","article-title":"Discordance between spermatozoa detection and self-reported semen exposure","volume":"38","author":"MF Gallo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263503","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T17:47:33Z","timestamp":1700243253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263503"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"James","family":"Mockridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0263503","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]}}}