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Exogenous variation in trolling by day allows us to consider<jats:underline>indirectly<\/jats:underline>-affected political behaviors in the US\u2014outcomes that are less traceable via tweet sharing but potentially more important to policymakers than the direct dissemination previously studied. As a case in point, we describe reduced form evidence that Russian holidays affected daily trading prices in 2016 election betting markets. This response is consistent with successful Russian interference in support of Trump.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T17:29:58Z","timestamp":1648661398000},"page":"e0264507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reduced trolling on Russian holidays and daily US Presidential election odds"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1377-1982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Douglas","family":"Almond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6427-5810","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinming","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0264507.ref001","unstructured":"Chen A. 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