{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T14:44:54Z","timestamp":1783435494292,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department\u2013Applied Basic Research Joint Special Funds of Kunming Medical University","award":["202101AY070001-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202101AY070001-007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81860162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department\u2013Applied Basic Research Joint Special Funds of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["202101AZ070001-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202101AZ070001-010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to provide a sensitive model animal for studying hyperuricemia. Male uricase-deficient rats, named Kunming-DY rats, were raised for 130 days, or orally administered with purines and other chemicals. Serum uric acid (SUA) in the animals was assayed, and the UA level in their organs and their 24-h excretion was determined. Genes in the jejunum, ileum, kidney and liver related to UA synthesis and transportation were detected by quantitative RNA sequencing. Uricase-deficient rats have a high level of SUA and are sensitive to xanthine, adenosine, inosine, allopurinol, and alcohol. Besides, the high level of SUA in male uricase-deficient rats was stable, much higher than that in wild-type rats but similar to that in men. The distribution pattern of UA in uricase-deficient rats\u2019 organs was different from that in wild-type rats. The kidney, liver, and small intestine were the top three organs where UA distributed, but the UA in the small intestine, colon, lung, thymus, and brain was less affected by uricase deficiency, indicating that these organs are constitutive distribution organs in UA. The 24-h UA excreted by a uricase-deficient rat was about five times higher than that excreted by a wild-type rat. However, the 24-h UA excreted through feces was not significantly changed. Both the urine volume and UA in uricase-deficient rats significantly increased, and more than 90% of UA was excreted via urine. The expression of xanthine dehydrogenase was not upregulated. Some genes of transporter associated with uric acid excretion in the kidney were significantly regulated, though not sufficient to explain the increase in SUA. In conclusion, male uricase-deficient rats\u2019 UA metabolism is similar to that of men. The elevation of SUA in uricase-deficient rats is caused by uricase deficiency, and uricase-deficient rats are a sensitive model for studying hyperuricemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T19:17:20Z","timestamp":1646335040000},"page":"e0264696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Uricase-deficient rats with similarly stable serum uric acid to human\u2019s are sensitive model animals for studying hyperuricemia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yinfang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9006-861X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weigang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264696.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0115-y","article-title":"Gout","volume":"5","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0264696.ref002","first-page":"3167","article-title":"Update on the epidemiology, genetics, and therapeutic options of hyperuricemia.","volume":"12","author":"L Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0264696.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000028","article-title":"Definition of hyperuricemia and gouty conditions.","volume":"26","author":"T Bardin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0264696.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000691","article-title":"Comorbidities in gout and hyperuricemia: causality or epiphenomena?","volume":"32","author":"NA Sumpter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0264696.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190408122557","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and Cardiovascular Disease.","volume":"25","author":"S Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0264696.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-016-0684-z","article-title":"Hyperuricemia, Hypertension, and Chronic Kidney Disease: an Emerging Association.","volume":"18","author":"SG Mallat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0264696.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835d951e","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hyperuricemia.","volume":"25","author":"C Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol."},{"key":"pone.0264696.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.899852","article-title":"Hyperuricemia-Related Diseases and Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR) Inhibitors: An Overview.","volume":"22","author":"C Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0264696.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.03.007","article-title":"Recapture of [S]-allantoin, the product of the two-step degradation of uric acid, by urate oxidase","volume":"580","author":"L Gabison","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"pone.0264696.ref010","first-page":"4081962","article-title":"What Is the Biological Function of Uric Acid? 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