{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:52:57Z","timestamp":1792788777980,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Development (Social Development) Key Project","award":["201803D31065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201803D31065"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantitatively study the effect of the labial inclination of the mandibular central incisors on the surrounding cortical and cancellous-bone morphology among patients with low-angle, skeletal class III malocclusion, by using cone-beam computed-tomography (CBCT) imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CBCT images of 60 patients with low-angle, skeletal class III malocclusion were divided into lingual-inclination, upright, and labial-inclination groups. The height of the alveolar bone and the thickness and area of the cortical, cancellous, and total alveolar bone were measured separately on each side of the mandibular central incisors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The thickness of the labial cortical bone from 6 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the root apex; the thickness of the labial cancellous bone at the root apex; the total thickness of the alveolar bone at the root apex; the area of labial cortical bone; the total area of labial alveolar bone; and the height of the labial alveolar bone were highest in the labial-inclination group (all P&lt;0.05). All these variables were positively correlated with the labial inclination of the mandibular central incisors (all P&lt;0.05). There were no statistical differences between the groups for any of the measurements on the lingual side of the teeth (P&gt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The morphology of the alveolar bone on the labial but not the lingual side of the mandibular central incisors was statistically significantly correlated with the labial inclination of those teeth in patients with low-angle, skeletal class III malocclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T13:35:36Z","timestamp":1646141736000},"page":"e0264788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Relationship between alveolar-bone morphology at the mandibular incisors and their inclination in adults with low-angle, skeletal class III malocclusion\u2014A retrospective CBCT study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1596-8172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cai-Lian","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Wen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3402-8074","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiao-Qin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0264788.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0210461","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210461","article-title":"Morphological analysis of the alveolar bone of the anterior teeth in severe high-angle skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"14","author":"J Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0264788.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2018.48.6.349","article-title":"Assessment of lower incisor alveolar bone width using cone-beam computed tomography images in skeletal Class III adults of different vertical patterns","volume":"48","author":"S Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0264788.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.09.027","article-title":"Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic tooth movements","volume":"151","author":"JW Morris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264788.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-019-00196-4","article-title":"Dehiscence and fenestration in anterior teeth: Comparison before and after orthodontic treatment","volume":"81","author":"Y Sheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0264788.ref005","first-page":"610","article-title":"Quantitative CBCT evaluation of maxillary and mandibular cortical bone thickness and density variability for orthodontic miniplate placement","volume":"15","author":"M Rossi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0264788.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.2319\/072906-309","article-title":"Spatial relationships between the mandibular central incisor and associated alveolar bone in adults with mandibular prognathism","volume":"77","author":"C Yamada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0264788.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-020-00526-w","article-title":"Trends in CBCT current practice within three UK paediatric dental departments.","volume":"21","author":"N Gallichan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0264788.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.2319\/021414-110.1","article-title":"Periodontal consequences of mandibular incisor proclination during presurgical orthodontic treatment in Class III malocclusion patients","volume":"85","author":"YJ Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"pone.0264788.ref009","article-title":"Evaluation of bone morphology and three dimensional position of teeth in lower incisor\u2019s region in adult with Skeletal Class II malocclusion","author":"HY Min","year":"2018","journal-title":"Guangxi Medical University"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0264788.ref010","first-page":"12866","article-title":"Presurgical orthodontic decompensation alters alveolar bone condition around mandibular incisors in adults with skeletal Class III malocclusion","volume":"8","author":"B Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0264788.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.4248\/IJOS09047","article-title":"The association between lower incisal inclination and morphology of the supporting alveolar bone\u2014a cone-beam CT study","volume":"1","author":"Q Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0264788.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70172-6","article-title":"Cortical bone remodeling\/tooth movement ratio during maxillary incisor retraction with tip versus torque movements","volume":"114","author":"AD Vardimon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264788.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71126-3","article-title":"Architectural changes in alveolar bone for dental decompensation before surgery in Class III patients with differing facial divergence: a CBCT study","volume":"10","author":"CJ Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264788.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-020-00242-2","article-title":"Displacement in root apex and changes in incisor inclination affect alveolar bone remodeling in adult bimaxillary protrusion patients: a retrospective study","volume":"16","author":"H Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0264788.ref015","first-page":"155","article-title":"Proclination-induced changes in the labial cortical bone thickness of lower incisors","volume":"120","author":"D Filipova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0264788.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2015.45.5.245","article-title":"Alveolar bone thickness around maxillary central incisors of different inclination assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"45","author":"YL Tian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264788.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2019.10.001","article-title":"Comparison of anterior mandibular alveolar thickness and height in young adults with different sagittal and vertical skeletal relationships: A CBCT Study","volume":"18","author":"JA Casanova-Sarmiento","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0264788.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.10.019","article-title":"Factors affecting the accuracy of buccal alveolar bone height measurements from cone-beam computed tomography images","volume":"143","author":"R Wood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0264788.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.2319\/101117-686.1","article-title":"Evaluation of maxillary buccal alveolar bone before and after orthodontic alignment without extractions: A cone beam computed tomographic study","volume":"88","author":"JF Morais","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0264788.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.24.1.8593909","article-title":"Assessment of the dentate alveolar process with high resolution computed tomography","volume":"24","author":"RA Fuhrmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0264788.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.07.015","article-title":"Imaging software accuracy for 3-dimensional analysis of the upper airway","volume":"142","author":"A Weissheimer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0264788.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2255-3","article-title":"Relationship between anterior mandibular bone thickness and the angulation of incisors and canines-a CBCT study","volume":"22","author":"A Srebrzy\u0144ska-Witek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0264788.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2319\/060617-379.1","article-title":"The usefulness of cone-beam computed tomography gray values for alveolar bone linear measurements","volume":"88","author":"S Padala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0264788.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12072","article-title":"Accuracy of alveolar bone measurements from cone beam computed tomography acquired using varying settings","volume":"18","author":"VC Cook","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0264788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T13:36:08Z","timestamp":1646141768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0264788"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Claudia Trindade","family":"Mattos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0264788","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]}}}