{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T02:42:13Z","timestamp":1771036933645,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004530","name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant Number GPM\/IPM 9662600-14001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant Number GPM\/IPM 9662600-14001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In recent years, emerging evidence has highlighted the role of vitamin D as an iron absorption enhancer by suppressing hepcidin concentration, albeit with an unclear underlying mechanism. Dietary-based approach in improving iron status has been widely practised, however, there is a scarcity in randomized controlled trials (RCT) to elucidate the effect of vitamin D-fortified juice on iron status recovery. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of an 8-week vitamin D3-fortified fruit juice supplementation on iron status indicators in childbearing-aged women with marginally low iron stores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, RCT, a total of 120 women aged between 19\u201340 with serum ferritin &lt; 20 \u03bcg\/l and fulfilled the eligibility criteria will be randomized into consuming either vitamin D3-fortified fruit juices containing 4000 IU (100 mcg) (vitamin D) or placebo-fruit juices (placebo) daily for eight weeks. At every 4-week interval, 10 ml fasting blood sample, information on dietary habit and anthropometric measurement will be collected. A mixed model repeated-measures analysis of variance will be performed to determine the effect of the intervention and the interaction with time points for all iron and vitamin D status blood biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D supplementation in food fortification as a novel iron absorption enhancer might be a future and relevant alternative management of iron deficiency as opposed to the oral iron therapy that has poor adherence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicaltrials.gov: registration number<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04618289\" xlink:type=\"simple\">NCT04618289<\/jats:ext-link>, registration date October 28, 2020, protocol ID JKEUPM-2020-033.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T17:24:19Z","timestamp":1648229059000},"page":"e0265772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of vitamin D3-fortified fruit juice supplementation of 4000 IU daily on the recovery of iron status in childbearing-aged women with marginally low iron stores: Protocol for an 8-week, parallel group, double-blind randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7026-1538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Salma Faeza","family":"Ahmad Fuzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loh","family":"Su Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nurzalinda","family":"Zabaha Zalbahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norhafizah","family":"Ab. Manan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Najib","family":"Mohamad Alwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0265772.ref001","volume-title":"Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993\u20132005: WHO global database on anaemia","author":"WHO","year":"2008"},{"key":"pone.0265772.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2009000600005","article-title":"Adherence and side effects of three ferrous sulfate treatment regimens on anemic pregnant women in clinical trials","volume":"25","author":"AId Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"key":"pone.0265772.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2003.10.013","article-title":"Serum iron analysis of adults receiving three different 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