{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T04:02:27Z","timestamp":1779249747802,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20H03913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H03913"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Common cold is among the main reasons patients visit a medical facility. However, few studies have investigated whether prescriptions for common cold in Japan comply with domestic and international evidence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine whether prescriptions for common cold complied with domestic and international evidence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 22, 2020, and January 16, 2021. Patients with cold symptoms who visited the two dispensing pharmacies and met the eligibility criteria were interviewed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The pharmacists at each store and a physician classified the patients into two groups: the potentially inappropriate prescribing group and the appropriate prescribing group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of the 150 selected patients, 14 were excluded and 136 were included in the analysis. Males accounted for 44.9% of the total study population, and the median patient age was 34 years (interquartile range [IQR], 27\u201342). The prevalence rates of potentially inappropriate prescriptions and appropriate prescriptions were 89.0% and 11.0%, respectively and the median drug costs were 602.0 yen (IQR, 479.7\u2013839.2) [$5.2 (IQR, 4.2\u20137.3)] and 406.7 yen (IQR, 194.5\u2013537.2) [$3.5 (IQR, 1.7\u20134.7)], respectively. The most common potentially inappropriate prescriptions were the prescription of oral cephem antibacterial agents to patients who did not have symptoms of bacterial infections (50.4%) and \u03b22 stimulants to those who did not have respiratory symptoms due to underlying disease or history (33.9%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec006\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Approximately 90% of prescriptions for common cold symptoms in the area were potentially inappropriate. Our findings could contribute to the monitoring of the use of medicines for the treatment of common cold symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T17:48:02Z","timestamp":1652377682000},"page":"e0265874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Survey of potentially inappropriate prescriptions for common cold symptoms in Japan: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Nakano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-8455","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takashi","family":"Watari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Otsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Amano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Takaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumichi","family":"Onigata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0265874.ref001","first-page":"153","article-title":"Treatment of the common cold in children and adults","volume":"86","author":"J Fashner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Fam Phys."},{"key":"pone.0265874.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.81","article-title":"Reasons for the preference of clinic visits to self\u2010medication by common cold patients in Japan","volume":"18","author":"M Tsutsumi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gen Fam Med"},{"key":"pone.0265874.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.48.1893","article-title":"Antibiotic prescriptions for upper respiratory tract infection in Japan","volume":"48","author":"T Higashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"pone.0265874.ref004","first-page":"401","article-title":"Inappropriate antibiotic prescription for respiratory tract indications: most prominent in adult patients","volume":"32","author":"ARJ Dekker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"pone.0265874.ref005","first-page":"136","article-title":"What ever happened to the common cold? 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