{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T03:36:50Z","timestamp":1768966610253,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"university of medicine and pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city","award":["This study was funded for the PreS\/S gene Sequencing by the grant of research from the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["This study was funded for the PreS\/S gene Sequencing by the grant of research from the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is a major health problem and leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Several point and deletion mutations on the <jats:italic>PreS\/S<\/jats:italic> gene have been intensively considered associated with HCC. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of HBV <jats:italic>PreS\/S<\/jats:italic> mutations in Vietnamese CHB-infected patients and their association with HCC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted from 02\/2020 to 03\/2021, recruited Vietnamese CHB-infected patients with HBV-DNA &gt;3 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>-copies\/mL and successful <jats:italic>PreS\/S<\/jats:italic> gene sequencing. Mutations were detected by direct Sanger sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>247 CHB-infected patients were recruited, characterized by 68.8% males, 54.7% HBV genotype B, 57.5% HBeAg positive, 23.1% fibrosis score \u2265F3 and 19.8% HCC. 61.8% amino acid replacements were detected throughout the <jats:italic>PreS1\/PreS2\/S<\/jats:italic> genes. The most common point-mutations included N\/H51Y\/T\/S\/Q\/P (30.4%), V68T\/S\/I (44.9%), T\/N87S\/T\/P (46.2%) on <jats:italic>PreS1<\/jats:italic> gene; T125S\/N\/P (30.8%), I150T (42.5%) on <jats:italic>PreS2<\/jats:italic> gene; S53L (37.7%), A184V\/G (39.3%), S210K\/N\/R\/S (39.3%) on <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> gene. The rates of case(s) with any point-mutation on the Major Hydrophylic Region (MHR) and the \"a\" determinant region were 63.6% and 39.7%, respectively. Most of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> point-mutations were presented with low rates such as T47A\/E\/V\/K (9.3%), P120S\/T (8.5%), G145R (2%). On multivariable analysis, males (OR = 4.51, 95%CI 1.78\u201311.4, p = 0.001), age\u226540 (OR = 5.5, 95%CI 2.06\u201314.68, p = 0.001), W4P\/R\/Y on PreS1 (OR = 11.56, 95%CI 1.99\u201367.05, p = 0.006) and 4 S point-mutations as: T47A\/E\/V\/K (OR = 3.67, 95%CI 1.19\u201311.29, p = 0.023), P120S\/T (OR = 3.38, 95%CI 1.09\u201310.49, p = 0.035), S174N (OR = 29.73, 95%CI 2.12\u2013417.07, p = 0.012), P203R (OR = 8.45, 95%CI 1.43\u201350.06, p = 0.019) were associated with HCC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We detected 61% amino acid changes on <jats:italic>PreS\/S<\/jats:italic> regions in Vietnamese CHB patients. One point-mutation at amino acid 4 on <jats:italic>PreS1<\/jats:italic> gene and 4 point-mutations at amino acids 47, 120, 174, and 203 on <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> gene were associated with HCC. Further investigations are recommended to further clarify the relationship and interaction between mutations in HBV genome and HCC progression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T17:50:32Z","timestamp":1649353832000},"page":"e0266134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Mutations in the HBV PreS\/S gene related to hepatocellular carcinoma in Vietnamese chronic HBV-infected patients"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9973-6346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nguyen","family":"Thi Cam Huong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Quang","family":"Trung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bac An","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duong Bich","family":"Tram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoang Anh","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoang Huu","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoa","family":"Pham Thi Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0266134.ref001","unstructured":"WHO. 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