{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T10:47:26Z","timestamp":1767178046445,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia","award":["R-2022-105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R-2022-105"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Healthcare-associated infections are resulting in human morbidity and mortality worldwide. These infections are directly proportional to increased multidrug resistance (MDR), which limits antibiotic treatment and make the treatment of infections challenging.\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are well known to produce various biologically active compounds. Therefore, these are considered as promising biological control agents against wide range of bacterial pathogens. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the most efficient antibiotic-producing\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    St 45 isolate against\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC29737,\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC25566,\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    0157h7 ATCC25922 and\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A total 40 soil and 10 water (from wells) samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques at King Faisal Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The selected\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    St 45 isolate was grown to produce biologically active metabolites, and the minimum concentration (MIC) was determined. Sixty isolates with antibacterial properties were selected. The 16s rRNA gene analysis was used to identify the strongest\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    St 45 strain. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was provided by \u2018MUJA10\u2019 strain of\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>exfoliatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    against\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC29737 (51.33 \u00b1 2.15 mm). The MIC value of \u2018MUJA10\u2019 metabolite of\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>exfoliatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain against\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC25566 and\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    0157h7 ATCC25922 was 0.125 mg\/ml. However,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    had a MIC of 0.625 mg\/ml and\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC29737 had a MIC of 2.5 mg\/ml. In conclusion,\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces exfoliatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain \u2018MUJA10\u2019 obtained from soil exhibited high inhibitory potential against human pathogens. The 16s rRNA gene analysis revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    St 45 isolate was similar to\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces exfoliatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    A156.7 with 98% similarity and confirmed as\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces exfoliates<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2018MUJA10\u2019 at gene bank with gene accession number OL720257.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T13:40:27Z","timestamp":1649943627000},"page":"e0266297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inhibitory potentials of Streptomyces exfoliatus strain \u2018MUJA10\u2019 against bacterial pathogens isolated from rural areas in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7697-3878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jawaher Ibrahim","family":"Alahadeb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0266297.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0319","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria and alternative methods to control them: an overview","volume":"25","author":"R Vivas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbial Drug Resistance"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0266297.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1914433","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in US hospitalized patients, 2012\u20132017","volume":"382","author":"JA Jernigan","year":"2020","journal-title":"New England Journal of 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