{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:44:39Z","timestamp":1753922679404,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The recent developments of tau-positron emission tomography (tau-PET) enable <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> assessment of neuropathological tau aggregates. Among the tau-specific tracers, the application of <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-pyridinyl-butadienyl-benzothiazole 3 (<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3) in PET shows high sensitivity to Alzheimer disease (AD)-related tau deposition. The current study investigates the regional tau load in patients within the AD continuum, biomarker-negative individuals (BN) and patients with suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) using <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3-PET.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 23 memory clinic outpatients with recent decline of episodic memory were examined using <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3-PET. Pittsburg compound B (<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PIB) PET was available for 17, <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-flurodeoxyglucose (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG) PET for 16, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels for 11 patients. CSF biomarkers were considered abnormal based on A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> (&lt; 600 ng\/L) and t-tau (&gt; 450 ng\/L). The PET biomarkers were classified as positive or negative using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis and visual assessment. Using the amyloid\/tau\/neurodegeneration (A\/T\/N) scheme, patients were grouped as within the AD continuum, SNAP, and BN based on amyloid and neurodegeneration status. The <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3 load detected by PET was compared among the groups using both atlas-based and voxel-wise analyses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Seven patients were identified as within the AD continuum, 10 SNAP and 6 BN. In voxel-wise analysis, significantly higher <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3 binding was observed in the AD continuum group compared to the BN patients in the cingulate gyrus, tempo-parieto-occipital junction and frontal lobe. Compared to the SNAP group, patients within the AD continuum had a considerably increased <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3 uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex. There was no significant difference between SNAP and BN groups. The atlas-based analysis supported the outcome of the voxel-wise quantification analysis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our results suggest that <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C-PBB3-PET can effectively analyze regional tau load and has the potential to differentiate patients in the AD continuum group from the BN and SNAP group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T17:30:31Z","timestamp":1649698231000},"page":"e0266906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Quantitative analysis of regional distribution of tau pathology with 11C-PBB3-PET in a clinical setting"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8675-9306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elham","family":"Yousefzadeh-Nowshahr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Kneer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine A. 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