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In the present work, we aimed to investigate its potential antimalarial effect, using the following experimental models: (1) the erythrocytic cycle of<jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>; (2) an adhesion assay using brain microvascular endothelial cells; and (3) an experimental cerebral malaria animal model induced by<jats:italic>Plasmodium berghei<\/jats:italic>ANKA infection in susceptible mice. Using the erythrocytic cycle of<jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>, we characterized the schizonticidal effect of 1,8-cineole. This compound decreased parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 1045.53 \u00b1 63.30 \u03bcM. The inhibitory effect of 972 \u03bcM 1,8-cineole was irreversible and independent of parasitemia. Moreover, 1,8-cineole reduced the progression of intracellular development of the parasite over 2 cycles, inducing important morphological changes. Ultrastructure analysis revealed a massive loss of integrity of endomembranes and hemozoin crystals in infected erythrocytes treated with 1,8-cineole. The monoterpene reduced the adhesion index of infected erythrocytes to brain microvascular endothelial cells by 60%. Using the experimental cerebral malaria model, treatment of infected mice for 6 consecutive days with 100 mg\/kg\/day 1,8-cineole reduced cerebral edema with a 50% reduction in parasitemia. Our data suggest a potential antimalarial effect of 1,8-cineole with an impact on the parasite erythrocytic cycle and severe disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T17:33:21Z","timestamp":1652376801000},"page":"e0268347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The monoterpene 1,8-cineole prevents cerebral edema in a murine model of severe malaria"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Edgleyson C. dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8720-0088","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leandro S.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro S.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9604-5195","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Douglas E.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7572-9731","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diogo B.","family":"Peruchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1975-8033","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodrigo P.","family":"Silva-Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila H. 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