{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:05:18Z","timestamp":1793394318726,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant #472645\/2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #472645\/2008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["grant 2010\/18353\u20139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant 2010\/18353\u20139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To analyze the correlations between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and genetic and environmental risk factors for in a Brazilian population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Cross-sectional study with a control group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We collected data on 236 participants 50 years of age or older (141 with AMD and 95 controls without the disease). Data was obtained using a questionnaire and included information on demographics, ocular and medical history, family history of AMD, lifestyle, and smoking and drinking habits. Genetic evaluations included direct sequencing for the\n LOC387715 (rs10490924)<\/jats:italic>\n variant, as well as PCR and enzymatic digestion for the\n CFH Y402H (rs1061170)<\/jats:italic>\n and\n HTRA1 (rs11200638)<\/jats:italic>\n variants. We performed a risk assessment of environmental risk factors and genetic variants associated with AMD and determined correlations between AMD and the data collected using multiple linear regression analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of the 141 AMD cases, 99 (70%) had advanced AMD in at least one eye (57% neovascular AMD and 13% geographic atrophy), and 42 (30%) had not-advanced AMD. Family history of AMD (OR: 6.58; 95% CI: 1.94\u201322.31), presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.08\u20135.28), low physical activity level (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.82\u20132.37), and high serum cholesterol (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.84\u20132.65) were associated with an increased risk for AMD. There was a significant association between CVD and incidence of advanced AMD (OR: 2.29; 95% CI 0.81\u20136.44). The OR for the risk allele of the\n LOC387715<\/jats:italic>\n gene, the\n CFH<\/jats:italic>\n gene and the\n HTRA1<\/jats:italic>\n gene were 2.21 (95% CI: 1.47\u20133.35), 2.27 (95% CI: 1.52\u20133.37), and 2.76 (95% CI: 1.89\u20134.03), respectively. In the stepwise multiple linear regression analyses, the\n HTRA1<\/jats:italic>\n and\n CFH<\/jats:italic>\n risk alleles, family history of AMD, the\n LOC387715<\/jats:italic>\n risk allele, and CVD were associated with an increased risk of AMD for a total of 25.6% contribution to the AMD phenotype.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The analysis correlating environmental and genetic risk factors such as family history of AMD, and CVD and the variants of\n HTRA1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n CFH<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n LOC387715<\/jats:italic>\n genes showed an expressive contribution for the development of AMD among this admixed population.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T13:24:48Z","timestamp":1654262688000},"page":"e0268795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Correlation between genetic and environmental risk factors for age-related macular degeneration in Brazilian patients"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6046-6377","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Priscila H. 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D.","family":"Sacconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamires P.","family":"Lana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio E.","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Magna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia P.","family":"Marques-de-Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl","key":"pone.0268795.ref001","first-page":"335","article-title":"The Framingham Eye Study monograph: An ophthalmological and epidemiological study of cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and visual acuity in a general population of 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