{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:43:08Z","timestamp":1791546188158,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Neospora caninum<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>caninum<\/jats:italic>) is known to be a major cause of reproductive failure in cattle herds around the world. Therefore, the current comprehensive study was performed to estimate the global prevalence of<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>caninum<\/jats:italic>infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched for relevant studies up until November 4, 2021. Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random effect model. Other analyzes performed on the data of this study include sensitivity analysis, publication bias test, and quality assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final analyses included 71 studies conducted on 2965 abortive cattle and 4805 aborted fetuses. The overall prevalence rates of<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>caninum<\/jats:italic>infection in bovines that had an abortion were 47% and 1% using serological and molecular methods. Furthermore, overall prevalence rates of<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>caninum<\/jats:italic>infection in bovine aborted fetuses globally were 35% (95% CI: 8%\u201362%) and 43% (95% CI: 35%\u201352%) using serological and molecular methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this study showed the high prevalence of<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>caninum<\/jats:italic>infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses. It is hoped that the results of this study will help prevent abortion in bovines around the world and encourage further studies to determine the impact of this parasite on the occurrence of abortion that may help reduce the economic damage caused by abortion worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T17:42:23Z","timestamp":1653327743000},"page":"e0268903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tooran","family":"Nayeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Moosazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahabeddin","family":"Sarvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8571-5803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Daryani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0268903.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-015-0661-5","article-title":"The common zoonotic protozoal diseases causing abortion","volume":"40","author":"RM Shaapan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Parasit Dis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0268903.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.03.035","article-title":"Diagnosis of bovine neosporosis","volume":"140","author":"J Dubey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0268903.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2003.41.1.1","article-title":"Review of Neospora caninum and neosporosis in animals","volume":"41","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0268903.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.881","article-title":"Evidence of point-source exposure to Neospora caninum and protective immunity in a herd of beef cows","volume":"217","author":"MM McAllister","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0268903.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2005.09.005","article-title":"Endogenous and exogenous transplacental infection in Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"21","author":"AJ Trees","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"pone.0268903.ref006","first-page":"46","article-title":"Neosporosis: Biology, transmission and clinical signs","author":"W. 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