{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:03:29Z","timestamp":1791842609298,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> is a foodborne pathogen and the causative agent of listeriosis, a disease associated with high fatality (20\u201330%) and hospitalization rates (&gt;95%). <jats:underline>A<\/jats:underline>TP-<jats:underline>B<\/jats:underline>inding <jats:underline>C<\/jats:underline>assette (ABC) transporters have been demonstrated to be involved in the general stress response. In previous studies, in-frame deletion mutants of the ABC transporter genes, <jats:italic>LMOf2365_1875<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>LMOf2365_1877<\/jats:italic>, were constructed and analyzed; however, additional work is needed to investigate the virulence potential of these deletion mutants. In this study, two <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> methods and one <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> model were used to investigate the virulence potential of in-frame deletion mutants of ABC transporter genes. First, the invasion efficiency in host cells was measured using the HT-29 human cell line. Second, cell-to-cell spread activity was measured using a plaque forming assay. Lastly, virulence potential of the mutants was tested in the <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic> wax moth model. Our results demonstrated that the deletion mutant, \u22bf<jats:italic>LMOf2365_1875<\/jats:italic>, displayed decreased invasion and cell-to-cell spread efficiency in comparison to the wild-type, <jats:italic>LMOf2365<\/jats:italic>, indicating that <jats:italic>LMOf2365_1875<\/jats:italic> may be required for virulence. Furthermore, the reduced virulence of these mutants was confirmed using the <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic> wax moth model. In addition, the expression levels of 15 virulence and stress-related genes were analyzed by RT-PCR assays using stationary phase cells. Our results showed that virulence-related gene expression levels from the deletion mutants were elevated (15\/15 genes from \u22bf<jats:italic>LMOf2365_1877<\/jats:italic> and 7\/15 genes from \u22bf<jats:italic>LMOf2365_1875<\/jats:italic>) compared to the wild type <jats:italic>LMOf2365<\/jats:italic>, suggesting that ABC transporters may negatively regulate virulence gene expression under specific conditions. The expression level of the stress-related gene, <jats:italic>clpE<\/jats:italic>, also was increased in both deletion mutants, indicating the involvement of ABC transporters in the stress response. Taken together, our findings suggest that ABC transporters may be used as potential targets to develop new therapeutic strategies to control <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T17:33:06Z","timestamp":1653586386000},"page":"e0268924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Involvement of a putative ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Involved in manganese transport in virulence of Listeria monocytogenes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0759-7597","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0683-1887","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brian ByongKwon","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-An","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira Rakic","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atin R.","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pina M.","family":"Fratamico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0268924.ref001","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Listeria, Listeriosis and Food Safety","author":"DM Norton","year":"2007"},{"key":"pone.0268924.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.55.3.476-511.1991","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen","volume":"55","author":"JM Farber","year":"1991","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"pone.0268924.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198502143120704","article-title":"Pasteurized milk as a vehicle of infection in an outbreak of listeriosis","volume":"312","author":"DW Fleming","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0268924.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-15-387","article-title":"Fresh produce-associated listeriosis outbreaks, sources of concern, teachable moments, and insights","volume":"79","author":"D Garner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"pone.0268924.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-65.11.1811","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes virulence and pathogenicity, a food safety perspective","volume":"65","author":"S. 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