{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:33:59Z","timestamp":1790613239096,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AG064044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AG064044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K25AG061254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K25AG061254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG022018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG022018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG017917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG017917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS078009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS078009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG056352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG056352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004888","name":"Illinois Department of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Robert C. Borwell Endowment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We tested the hypothesis that dividing attention would strengthen the ability to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and specific cognitive abilities from Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance in the community setting. While wearing a belt-worn sensor, 757 dementia-free older adults completed TUG during two conditions, with and without a concurrent verbal serial subtraction task. We segmented TUG into its four subtasks (i.e., walking, turning, and two postural transitions), and extracted 18 measures that were summarized into nine validated sensor metrics. Participants also underwent a detailed cognitive assessment during the same visit. We then employed a series of regression models to determine the combinations of subtask sensor metrics most strongly associated with MCI and specific cognitive abilities for each condition. We also compared subtask performances with and without dividing attention to determine whether the costs of divided attention were associated with cognition. While slower TUG walking and turning were associated with higher odds of MCI under normal conditions, these and other subtask associations became more strongly linked to MCI when TUG was performed under divided attention. Walking and turns were also most strongly associated with executive function and attention, particularly under divided attention. These differential associations with cognition were mirrored by performance costs. However, since several TUG subtasks were more strongly associated with MCI and cognitive abilities when performed under divided attention, future work is needed to determine how instrumented dual-task TUG testing can more accurately estimate risk for late-life cognitive impairment in older adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T17:32:02Z","timestamp":1659547922000},"page":"e0269398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dividing attention during the Timed Up and Go enhances associations of several subtask performances with MCI and cognition"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0974-2564","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria N.","family":"Poole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Dawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Lamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Esterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue E.","family":"Leurgans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Hausdorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron S.","family":"Buchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0269398.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x","article-title":"The timed \"Up & Go\": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons","volume":"39","author":"D Podsiadlo","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0269398.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04120.x","article-title":"Association between timed up-and-go and memory, executive function, and processing speed","volume":"60","author":"OA Donoghue","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99318","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099318","article-title":"Motor phenotype of decline in cognitive performance among community-dwellers without dementia: population-based study and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"O Beauchet","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0269398.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00156-4","article-title":"Attention and the control of posture and gait: a review of an emerging area of research","volume":"16","author":"M Woollacott","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0269398.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21720","article-title":"The role of executive function and attention in gait","volume":"23","author":"G Yogev-Seligmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0269398.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12734","article-title":"Association between performance on Timed Up and Go subtasks and mild cognitive impairment: further insights into the links between cognitive and motor function","volume":"62","author":"A Mirelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz160","article-title":"Different Combinations of Mobility Metrics Derived From a Wearable Sensor Are Associated With Distinct Health Outcomes in Older Adults","volume":"75","author":"AS Buchman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0269398.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.03.009","article-title":"Evaluation of an inertial sensor system for analysis of timed-up-and-go under dual-task demands","volume":"41","author":"JT Coulthard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"s1","key":"pone.0269398.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-179939","article-title":"Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project","volume":"64","author":"DA Bennett","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.2174\/156720512801322627","article-title":"The Minority Aging Research Study: ongoing efforts to obtain brain donation in African Americans without dementia","volume":"9","author":"LL Barnes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0269398.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001935","article-title":"Temporal course and pathologic basis of unawareness of memory loss in dementia","volume":"85","author":"RS Wilson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0269398.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000529","article-title":"Clinically significant cognitive dysfunction in OEF\/OIF\/OND veterans: Prevalence and clinical associations","volume":"33","author":"E Riley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"568","key":"pone.0269398.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaz9343","article-title":"Evaluating the evidence for a neuroimaging subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"12","author":"M Esterman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0269398.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1159\/000087446","article-title":"The Rush Memory and Aging Project: study design and baseline characteristics of the study cohort","volume":"25","author":"DA Bennett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0269398.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"G McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0269398.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.2.198","article-title":"Natural history of mild cognitive impairment in older persons","volume":"59","author":"DA Bennett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0269398.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2009.10.015","article-title":"Can an accelerometer enhance the utility of the Timed Up & Go Test when evaluating patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"32","author":"A Weiss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0269398.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/32\/12\/009","article-title":"An instrumented timed up and go: the added value of an accelerometer for identifying fall risk in idiopathic fallers","volume":"32","author":"A Weiss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0269398.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86262","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086262","article-title":"Associations between quantitative mobility measures derived from components of conventional mobility testing and Parkinsonian gait in older adults","volume":"9","author":"AS Buchman","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref020","unstructured":"Team RC, others. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2018."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.2174\/156720512801322663","article-title":"Overview and findings from the rush Memory and Aging Project","volume":"9","author":"DA Bennett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2018.10.003","article-title":"The interaction between cognition and motor control: A theoretical framework for dual-task interference effects on posture, gait initiation, gait and turning","volume":"48","author":"M Bayot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.12.017","article-title":"The effect of a dual task on gait speed in community dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"E Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0269398.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12845","article-title":"Effect of a dual task on quantitative Timed Up and Go performance in community-dwelling older adults: A preliminary study","volume":"17","author":"E Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.02.012","article-title":"Gait and cognition: Mapping the global and discrete relationships in ageing and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"64","author":"R Morris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703434","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.703434","article-title":"Evidence for a Specific Association Between Sustained Attention and Gait Speed in Middle-to-Older-Aged Adults","volume":"13","author":"H Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0269398.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.08.014","article-title":"Gait assessment in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the effect of dual-task challenges across the cognitive spectrum","volume":"35","author":"SW Muir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0269398.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021566","article-title":"Walking and talking: dual-task effects on street crossing behavior in older adults","volume":"26","author":"MB Neider","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychology and aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0269398.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20090043","article-title":"How Does Explicit Prioritization Alter Walking During Dual-Task Performance? Effects of Age and Sex on Gait Speed and Variability","volume":"90","author":"G Yogev-Seligmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"9052","key":"pone.0269398.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)24009-2","article-title":"\"Stops walking when talking\" as a predictor of falls in elderly people","volume":"349","author":"L Lundin-Olsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0269398.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1997.tb00946.x","article-title":"Gait changes in older adults: predictors of falls or indicators of fear","volume":"45","author":"BE Maki","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00283","article-title":"Fear of Falling Contributing to Cautious Gait Pattern in Women Exposed to a Fictional Disturbing Factor: A Non-randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"10","author":"GAS Bueno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0269398.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03336.x","article-title":"Is timed up and go better than gait speed in predicting health, function, and falls in older adults?","volume":"59","author":"LJ Viccaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0269398.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000722","article-title":"Cognitive Correlates of Timed Up and Go Subtasks in Older People With Preserved Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"96","author":"JH Ansai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"pone.0269398.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00166","article-title":"Differential Associations Between Distinct Components of Cognitive Function and Mobility: Implications for Understanding Aging, Turning and Dual-Task Walking","volume":"11","author":"P Sunderaraman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0269398.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl107","article-title":"Association of executive function and performance of dual-task physical tests among older adults: analyses from the InChianti study","volume":"35","author":"AK Coppin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0269398","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T17:32:32Z","timestamp":1659547952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0269398"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Anson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0269398","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]}}}