{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:24:51Z","timestamp":1786235091600,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently reported specimens of the enigmatic Ediacaran fossil<jats:italic>Dickinsonia<\/jats:italic>from Russia show damage and repair that provides evidence of how they grew, and of their biological affinities. Marginal and terminal areas of wilting deformation are necrotic zones separating regenerated growth, sometimes on two divergent axes, rather than a single axis. Necrotic zones of damage to<jats:italic>Dickinsonia<\/jats:italic>are not a thick scar or callus, like a wound or amputation. Nor are they smooth transitions to a regenerated tail or arm. The wilted necrotic zone is most like damage by freezing, salt, or sunburn of leaves and lichens, compatible with evidence of terrestrial habitat from associated frigid and gypsic paleosols.<jats:italic>Dickinsonia<\/jats:italic>did not regrow by postembryonic addition of modules from a subterminal or patterned growth zone as in earthworms, myriapods, trilobites, crustaceans, and lizards. Rather<jats:italic>Dickinsonia<\/jats:italic>postembryonic regrowth from sublethal damage was from microscopic apical and lateral meristems, as in plants and lichens. Considered as fungal,<jats:italic>Dickinsonia<\/jats:italic>, and perhaps others of Class Vendobionta, were more likely Glomeromycota or Mucoromycotina, rather than Ascomycota or Basidiomycota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T17:40:02Z","timestamp":1655401202000},"page":"e0269638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Damaged Dickinsonia specimens provide clues to Ediacaran vendobiont biology"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4356-9240","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Retallack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0269638.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2015.02.006","article-title":"Dickinsonia liftoff: Evidence of current derived morphologies.","volume":"434","author":"SD Evans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/gbi.12351","article-title":"Slime travelers: early evidence of animal mobility and feeding in an organic mat world","volume":"17","author":"SD Evans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geobiology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1130\/G46574.1","article-title":"Stretched, mangled, and torn: Responses of the Ediacaran fossil Dickinsonia to variable forces","volume":"47","author":"SD Evans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref004","first-page":"1755281","article-title":"Arumberia and other Ediacaran\u2013Cambrian fossils of central Australia","volume":"32","author":"GJ Retallack","year":"2020","journal-title":"Historical Biology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1017\/jpa.2020.65","article-title":"Intravital damage to the body of Dickinsonia (Metazoa of the late Ediacaran).","volume":"94","author":"A Ivantsov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Paleontology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref006","first-page":"e096","article-title":"The occurrence of Dickinsonia in non-marine facies (La aparici\u00f3n de Dickinsonia en facies no marinas).","volume":"75","author":"NI Bobkov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Estudios Geologicas"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.15421\/111835","article-title":"New biocenosis model of Vendian (Ediacaran) sedimentation basin of Podolia (Ukraine).","volume":"27","author":"VA Nesterovsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Geology, Geography, Geoecology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref008","first-page":"65","article-title":"Dickinsonia discovered in India and late Ediacaran biogeography","volume":"90","author":"GJ Retallack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gondwana Geology"},{"key":"pone.0269638.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palwor.2021.01.002","article-title":"Dickinsonia from the Ediacaran Dengying Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area","volume":"30","author":"XP Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"South China. 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