{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:47:35Z","timestamp":1762868855284,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DE14158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DE14158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fungal agglutinin-like sequence (Als) cell-surface glycoproteins, best characterized in <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>, mediate adhesive and aggregative interactions with host cells, other microbes, and abiotic surfaces. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for each <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> Als protein are valuable reagents for gaining insight into Als protein localization and function. This manuscript describes development and validation of MAbs specific for <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> Als2, as well as for <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> Als9-1 and Als9-2, two protein variants produced from the <jats:italic>ALS9<\/jats:italic> locus. Native <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans ALS9<\/jats:italic> expression levels were not sufficiently high to produce detectable Als9 protein on the wild-type cell surface so MAb validation required production of overexpression strains, each featuring one of the two <jats:italic>ALS9<\/jats:italic> alleles. An anti-Als2 MAb was raised against an N-glycosylated form of the protein immunogen, as well as an Endoglycosidase H-treated immunogen. The MAb raised against the N-glycosylated immunogen proved superior and immunolabeled <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> yeast cells and germ tubes, and the surface of <jats:italic>Candida dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic> yeasts. Als2 was visible on <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> yeast cells recovered from a murine model of oral candidiasis, demonstrating Als2 production both <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. These new MAbs add to the collection of anti-Als MAbs that are powerful tools to better understand the role of Als proteins in <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> biology and pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T17:37:56Z","timestamp":1657301876000},"page":"e0269681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development and validation of monoclonal antibodies specific for Candida albicans Als2, Als9-1, and Als9-2"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Soon-Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0827-4984","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lois L.","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0269681.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00280","article-title":"Candida albicans agglutinin-like sequence (Als) family vignettes: a review of Als protein structure and function","volume":"7","author":"LL Hoyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"key":"pone.0269681.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794529","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.794529","article-title":"Using genomics to shape the definition of the Agglutinin-Like Sequence (ALS) family in the Saccharomycetales","volume":"11","author":"S-H Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"pone.0269681.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01729.x","article-title":"The cell wall architecture of Candida albicans wild-type cells and cell wall-defective mutants","volume":"35","author":"JC Kapteyn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0269681.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15775","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1103496108","article-title":"Structural basis for the broad specificity to host-cell ligands by the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans","volume":"108","author":"PS Salgado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci. 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