{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:44:05Z","timestamp":1790801045540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gut health plays an important role on production and performance of broilers. This trial was undertaken with an aim to evaluate the synergistic effect of probiotic, chicory root powder and coriander seed powder on the performance and gut health of broiler chicken. For this purpose, a total of 240 day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments with 8 replicates of 5 birds in each. Treatment groups included T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> as control i.e., basal diet (BD) without any growth promoter and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2014BD + antibiotic (BMD 0.05%). In the remaining experimental diets, T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2014probiotic (@ 0.01%) + chicory root powder (@ 1.0%), T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2014probiotic (@ 0.01%) + coriander seed powder (@ 1.5%), T<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\u2014chicory root powder (@ 1.0%) + coriander seed powder (@ 1.5%) and T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\u2014probiotic (@ 0.01%) + chicory root powder (@ 1.0%) + coriander seed powder (@ 1.5%). The results indicated that supplementation of probiotic + chicory (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), probiotic + coriander (T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>), chicory + coriander (T<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>) and probiotic + chicory + coriander (T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) in combination resulted in significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher weight gain and better FCR compared to control and antibiotic groups at 42 d of age. Supplementation of different dietary groups did not show any significant (P&gt;0.05) effect on feed intake of broilers. Supplementation of all the test diets (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> to T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased the glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GSHRx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity when compared to control and antibiotic groups at 42 d of age. Supplementation of all the test diets (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> to T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) significantly (P&lt;0.05) lowered the pH in the gut, increased <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> counts, and reduced <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> counts in the ileum compared to control and antibiotic groups. Supplementation of all the test diets (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> to T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased the villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), VH:CD ratio and villus width (VW) in the duodenum and only VH and CD in the ileum compared to control and antibiotic groups. Significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher jejunal VH and VW and increased the goblet cell number in duodenum, jejunum and ileum was recorded in all test diets (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> to T<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) compared to control and antibiotic groups. Therefore, combinations of probiotic (0.01%), chicory root powder (1.0%) and coriander seed powder (1.5%) can be used as feed additive for improving performance and gut health of broiler chicken.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T17:26:49Z","timestamp":1656350809000},"page":"e0270231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Synergistic effect of probiotic, chicory root powder and coriander seed powder on growth performance, antioxidant activity and gut health of broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0745-8834","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Srinivas","family":"Gurram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Chinni Preetam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Vijaya Lakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. V. L. N.","family":"Raju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Venkateswarlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Bora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0270231.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.4.634","article-title":"Antibiotic growth promoters in agriculture: History and mode of action","volume":"84","author":"JJ Dibner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poultry Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0270231.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.03.003","article-title":"An update on alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters for broilers","volume":"187","author":"G Huyghebaert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"pone.0270231.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x","article-title":"Probiotics in man and animals","volume":"66","author":"R. 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