{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T03:50:18Z","timestamp":1776484218062,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013302","name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC08-092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC08-092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013302","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study assessed lifestyle and health behavior habits among a representative sample of Saudi adolescents with self-reported diabetes and compared them to non-diabetic peers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This was a nested case-control study, from the Jeeluna cohort, a nationwide, cross-sectional study of 12,575 Saudi boys and girls aged 10\u201319 years. Non-diabetic adolescents were matched to those with diabetes on a ratio of 4:1 based on age, gender and region. Retained information from the original study included: socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviors, tobacco\/substance use, screen use, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory results.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of diabetes was 0.7% (n = 87). Overall, 65% of diabetic participants were males, and 22.4% aged \u226414 years. Overall, both groups had low rates of healthful habits in their diet and physical activity. Both groups had similar rates of tobacco use, and high digital screen time. Adolescents with diabetes had more consistent sleeping pattern, were more likely to be on a diet, thought they spent enough time with their physician and obtained medical information more often from their health clinic. They were also more likely to feel down and to chat more often.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Adolescents with diabetes remain far from guideline targets but seem predisposed to better lifestyle and have more access to health as compared to their non-diabetic peers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T17:50:47Z","timestamp":1659635447000},"page":"e0270807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lifestyle habits in Saudi adolescents with diagnosed diabetes: An opportunity for health promotion"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mona","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hani","family":"Tamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelie","family":"Mailhac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7377-503X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fadia","family":"AlBuhairan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0270807.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610187","article-title":"Incidence Trends of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes among Youths, 2002\u20132012","volume":"376","author":"EJ Mayer-Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0270807.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S148","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-S013","article-title":"Children and Adolescents: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019","volume":"42","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0270807.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12531","article-title":"Physical activity interventions in children and young people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"H Quirk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0270807.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000083692","article-title":"Early diabetes-related complications in adolescents: risk factors and screening","volume":"63","author":"D. Daneman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hormone research"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0270807.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109333","article-title":"A clinical trial to maintain glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes","volume":"366","author":"TODAY Study Group","year":"2012","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref006","article-title":"Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2018","journal-title":"Healthy diet October"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.03.035","article-title":"Eating patterns in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Associations with metabolic control, insulin omission, and eating disorder pathology","volume":"114","author":"L Wisting","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0270807.ref008","first-page":"785","article-title":"Recommended Amount of Sleep for Pediatric Populations: A Consensus Statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine","volume":"12","author":"S Paruthi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of clinical sleep medicine: JCSM: official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref009","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) POLICY STATEMENT","year":"2013","journal-title":"Children, Adolescents, and the Media"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0270807.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0838","article-title":"Associations between media consumption habits, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and glycemic control in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"A Galler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0270807.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2163","article-title":"Changes in treatment adherence and glycemic control during the transition to adolescence in type 1 diabetes","volume":"35","author":"JR Rausch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0270807.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32833a46a7","article-title":"Adherence challenges in the management of type 1 diabetes in adolescents: prevention and intervention","volume":"22","author":"JS Borus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current opinion in pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0270807.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6701","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10126701","article-title":"A cross-cultural comparison of health behaviors between Saudi and British adolescents living in urban areas: gender by country analyses","volume":"10","author":"HM Al-Hazzaa","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of environmental research and public health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0270807.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v7.i8.165","article-title":"Diabetes epidemic sweeping the Arab world","volume":"7","author":"B Abuyassin","year":"2016","journal-title":"World journal of diabetes"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref015","first-page":"9408370","article-title":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia: A Soaring Epidemic","volume":"2018","author":"A Asirvatham","year":"2018","journal-title":"International journal of pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0270807.ref016","article-title":"Adolescents in Arabic countries: health statistics and social context","author":"C. Obermeyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"DIFI Family Research and Proceedings"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0270807.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2015.06.009","article-title":"Time for an Adolescent Health Surveillance System in Saudi Arabia: Findings From \"Jeeluna\"","volume":"57","author":"FS AlBuhairan","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of adolescent health: official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0270807.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112083","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112083","article-title":"Health behaviour in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared to a representative reference population","volume":"9","author":"S Kummer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref019","author":"CDC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Defining childhood obesity [Internet]"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-017-0188-x","article-title":"Predictors of adolescents\u2019 mental health problems in Saudi Arabia: findings from the Jeeluna\u00ae national study","volume":"11","author":"O Abou Abbas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0270807.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2015-205710","article-title":"National surveillance for type 1, type 2 diabetes and prediabetes among children and adolescents: a population-based study (SAUDI-DM)","volume":"69","author":"K. Al-Rubeaan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of epidemiology and community health"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0270807.ref022","first-page":"1285","article-title":"Prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabian children and adolescents","volume":"29","author":"AS Al-Herbish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Saudi medical journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0270807.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.005","article-title":"Diabetes in the young\u2014a global view and worldwide estimates of numbers of children with type 1 diabetes","volume":"103","author":"C Patterson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes research and clinical practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0270807.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.8544","article-title":"Prevalence of Diabetes in Adolescents Aged 12 to 19 Years in the United States, 2005\u20132014","volume":"316","author":"A Menke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0270807.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.2174\/15733998113099990064","article-title":"Time trends and gender differences in incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes in Sweden","volume":"9","author":"PE Wandell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current diabetes reviews"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.08.016","article-title":"Gender differences in glucose homeostasis and diabetes","volume":"187","author":"F. Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiology & behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0270807.ref027","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus in Kuwait","volume":"52","author":"M Al-Hussaini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alexandria Journal of Medicine [Internet]"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0270807.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114515005371","article-title":"Consumption of fruits and vegetables among adolescents: a multi-national comparison of eleven countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region","volume":"115","author":"MF Al Ani","year":"2016","journal-title":"The British journal of nutrition"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0270807.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000321527","article-title":"Nutrition transition and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Middle East and North Africa countries: reviewing the evidence","volume":"57","author":"A Mehio Sibai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of nutrition & metabolism"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0270807.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-015-0631-4","article-title":"Nutrition Transition and the Global Diabetes Epidemic","volume":"15","author":"BM Popkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current diabetes reports"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.08.031","article-title":"Sleep deprivation: prevalence and associated factors among adolescents in Saudi Arabia","volume":"53","author":"M Nasim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0270807.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e921","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1696","article-title":"Insufficient sleep in adolescents and young adults: an update on causes and consequences","volume":"134","author":"J. Owens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0270807.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.01.069","article-title":"Ad libitum Weekend Recover Sleep Fails to Prevent Metabolic Dysregulation during a Repeating Pattern of Insufficient Sleep and Weekend Recovery Sleep","volume":"29","author":"CM Depner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current biology: CB"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref034","article-title":"Sleep habits in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Variability in sleep duration linked with glycemic control","author":"NJ Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatric diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0270807.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e120","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7731","article-title":"Health-Related Internet Use by Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review","volume":"20","author":"E Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of medical Internet research"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0270807.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.2196\/ijmr.4504","article-title":"Use of Commonly Available Technologies for Diabetes Information and Self-Management Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents: A Web-Based Survey Study","volume":"4","author":"SE Vaala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interactive journal of medical research"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.01.025","article-title":"Relationship of media exposure to substance use among adolescents in Saudi Arabia: Results from a national study","volume":"191","author":"A AlSayyari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and alcohol dependence"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0270807.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5472-z","article-title":"Physical inactivity, gender and culture in Arab countries: a systematic assessment of the literature","volume":"18","author":"E Sharara","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC public health"},{"key":"pone.0270807.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2015.06.010","article-title":"Adolescent and Young Adult Health in the Arab Region: Where We Are and What We Must Do (Editorial)","volume":"57","author":"FS AlBuhairan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Adol Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0270807.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e398","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.2015.15.03.015","article-title":"Health Beliefs Related to Diabetes Mellitus Prevention among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia","volume":"15","author":"RL Al-Mutairi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0270807","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T17:51:17Z","timestamp":1659635477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0270807"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Baggio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0270807","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]}}}