{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:08:51Z","timestamp":1792613331654,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this review was to (1) characterize the time-course of markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) based on the level of maximal voluntary contraction torque loss at 24-48h post-exercise (MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub>), (2) identify factors (e.g., exercise and population characteristics) affecting the level of MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub>, and (3) evaluate the appropriateness of EIMD markers as indicators of MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Magnitude of change of each EIMD markers was normalized using the standardized mean differences method to compare the results from different studies. Time-course of EIMD markers were characterized according to three levels of MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> based on a clustering analysis of the 141 studies included. Association between MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> levels and participant\u00b4s characteristics or exercise type\/modalities were assessed. Meta-regressions were performed to investigate the associations between MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> and EIMD markers changes at &lt;6h, 24h, 48h, 72h and &gt;96h after exercise.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Time-course of EIMD markers recovery differs between levels of MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub>. Training status and exercise type\/modality were associated with MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> level (p&lt;0.05). MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> was correlated to changes in myoglobin concentration (&lt;6h), jump height (24h) and range of motion (48h) (p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>As the exercise could differently affect markers as function of the EIMD severity (i.e., MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub> levels), different markers should be used as function of the timing of measurement. Mb concentration should be used during the first hours after the exercise (&lt;6h), whereas jump height (24h) and range of motion (48h) could be used as surrogate for maximal voluntary contraction later. Moreover, training status and exercise type\/modality could influence the magnitude of MVC<jats:sub>loss24-48h<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T17:34:21Z","timestamp":1657820061000},"page":"e0271233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Appropriateness of indirect markers of muscle damage following lower limbs eccentric-biased exercises: A systematic review with meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5747-0236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emeric","family":"Chalchat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Fleur","family":"Gaston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyne","family":"Charlot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7697-9700","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luis","family":"Pe\u00f1ailillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Emmanuel","family":"Tardo-Dino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7373-4994","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kazunori","family":"Nosaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6681-1610","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vincent","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Garcia-Vicencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Siracusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0271233.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.06.007","article-title":"Effectiveness of the eccentric exercise therapy in physically active adults with symptomatic shoulder impingement or lateral epicondylar tendinopathy: A systematic review","volume":"19","author":"M Ortega-Castillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of science and medicine in sport"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0271233.ref002","first-page":"590","article-title":"Does eccentric endurance training improve walking capacity in patients with coronary artery disease?","volume":"24","author":"V Gremeaux","year":"2010","journal-title":"A randomized controlled pilot study. 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