{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:15:16Z","timestamp":1780582516397,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012021","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1400-3-99-22062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1400-3-99-22062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This systematic review aims to summarize the mycological and clinical features of COVID-19-associated fungal infections (CAFIs) in Iran.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran, IranDoc, and Google Scholar were searched for Persian and English articles published from January 1, 2020, to November 5, 2021, using a systematic search strategy. Studies on Iranian patients suffering from CAFIs were included in the review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-two studies comprising 169 patients were retrieved. Reported CAFIs included candidiasis (85, 50.30%), mucormycosis (35, 20.71%), aspergillosis (29, 17.16%), fusariosis (6, 3.55%), three cases caused by rare pathogens<jats:italic>(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Diaporthe foeniculina<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>Sarocladium kiliense<\/jats:italic>) and 11 (6.51%) uncharacterized mold infections. The most common underlying diseases were diabetes (67\/168, 39.88%), cardiovascular diseases (55\/168, 32.74%), and hypertension (43\/168, 25.59%). The use of antibiotics (111\/124, 89.52%), corticosteroids (93\/132, 70.44%), and mechanical ventilation (66, 51.16%) were the most common predisposing factors. Totally, 72 (50.35%) of 143 patients with CAFIs died (data were not available for 26 patients).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fungal infections are evident to be a complication of COVID-19 in Iran; thus, clinicians should consider them as a differential diagnosis, especially in patients with comorbidities and previous antibiotic or corticosteroid use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T17:30:33Z","timestamp":1657560633000},"page":"e0271333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["COVID-19-associated fungal infections in Iran: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2781-1626","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tina","family":"Nazari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Izadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Setayesh","family":"Sameni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0421-8659","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shahram","family":"Mahmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0271333.ref001","volume":"35","author":"A Naserghandi","year":"2020","journal-title":"All about COVID-19 in brief"},{"key":"pone.0271333.ref002","unstructured":"Worldometers.Info. 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