{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:41:00Z","timestamp":1781534460349,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The role of interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3) expression in long-term survival has not been studied in patients with urinary bladder cancer (UBC). IFN-\u03b3 expression was characterized among various UBC patient cohorts to assess if IFN-\u03b3 status is associated with overall survival (OS).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A tumor-based IFN-\u03b3 gene signature was evaluated among adult UBC patients newly diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 from two hospital systems in New York. Patient cohorts included metastatic (stage IV or progressing to stage IV [MBC]), muscle-invasive (stages T2a to T4a [MIBC]), and non\u2013muscle-invasive (carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> or stages 0a, 0is, and I [NMIBC]) disease. Descriptive analyses were conducted comparing IFN-\u03b3 signature in the highest tertile to those in the lowest two tertiles.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>234 patients with bladder cancer were evaluated (56 MBC, 38 MIBC, and 140 NMIBC). Median OS was only reached in the MIBC cohort for those with an IFN-\u03b3 signature in the lowest two tertiles (15.03 months [95% CI, 8.50\u201350.60]). Those with an IFN-\u03b3 signature in the highest tertile had a decreased risk of mortality in all cohorts indicating better survival, but this was statistically significant in only the MIBC cohort (adjusted HR = 0.09 [95% CI, 0.01\u20130.73]).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>IFN-\u03b3 signature status was associated with a decreased mortality risk in all cohorts, particularly MIBC, indicating that it may be a prognostic marker of survival in patients with UBC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T17:25:40Z","timestamp":1661880340000},"page":"e0271339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Interferon gamma expression and mortality in unselected cohorts of urothelial bladder cancer 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