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In the case of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), evidence supports that the main carriers are fruit bats and non-human primates. Further, EVD spread is a multi-factorial problem that depends on sociodemographic and economic (SDE) factors. Here we inquire into this phenomenon and aim at determining, quantitatively, the Ebola spillover infection exposure map and try to link it to SDE factors. To that end, we designed and conducted a survey in Sierra Leone and implement a pipeline to analyze data using regression and machine learning techniques. Our methodology is able (1) to identify the features that are best predictors of an individual\u2019s tendency to partake in behaviors that can expose them to Ebola infection, (2) to develop a predictive model about the spillover risk statistics that can be calibrated for different regions and future times, and (3) to compute a spillover exposure map for Sierra Leone. Our results and conclusions are relevant to identify the regions in Sierra Leone at risk of EVD spillover and, consequently, to design and implement policies for an effective deployment of resources (e.g., drug supplies) and other preventative measures (e.g., educational campaigns).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T17:30:10Z","timestamp":1662053410000},"page":"e0271886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Estimation of Ebola\u2019s spillover infection exposure in Sierra Leone based on sociodemographic and economic factors"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sena","family":"Mursel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Alter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Slavit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-2283","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paolo","family":"Bocchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1791-0011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javier","family":"Buceta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0271886.ref001","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Ebola Virus Disease in Humans: Pathophysiology and Immunity","author":"C Mu\u00f1oz-Fontela","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0271886.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0147-3","article-title":"Ebola virus disease","volume":"6","author":"ST Jacob","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature reviews Disease primers"},{"key":"pone.0271886.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"02","DOI":"10.1186\/1678-9199-20-44","article-title":"Outbreaks of Ebola virus disease in Africa: the beginnings of a tragic saga","volume":"20","author":"JP Chippaux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases"},{"key":"pone.0271886.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0135955","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135955","article-title":"A Multi-Site Knowledge Attitude and Practice Survey of Ebola Virus Disease in Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"G Iliyasu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0271886.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1154","article-title":"Ebola virus: from discovery to vaccine","volume":"3","author":"H Feldman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Immunology"},{"key":"pone.0271886.ref006","unstructured":"2014-2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa; 2019. 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