{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T16:55:44Z","timestamp":1794243344426,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of mental fatigue have been studied in relation to specific percentages of maximal aerobic or anaerobic efforts, maximal voluntary contractions or the performance of sport specific skills. However, its effects on tremor, dexterity and force steadiness have been only marginally explored. The present work aimed at filling this gap. In twenty-nine young individuals, measurement of postural, kinetic and isometric tremor, pinch force steadiness and finger and hand dexterity were performed before and after either 100 min of mental fatigue or control tasks. During the interventions blood pressure, oxygen saturation and heart rate and perceived effort in continuing the task were recorded every 10 minutes. Tremor was analysed in both time (standard deviation) and frequency domain (position, amplitude and area of the dominant peak) of the acceleration signal. Finger dexterity was assessed by Purdue pegboard test and hand dexterity in terms of contact time in a buzz wire exercise. Force steadiness was quantified as coefficient of variation of the force signal. Postural, kinetic and isometric tremors, force steadiness and dexterity were not affected. Higher oxygen saturation values and higher variability of heart rate and blood pressure were found in the intervention group during the mental fatigue protocol (p &lt; .001). The results provide no evidence that mental fatigue affects the neuromuscular parameters that influence postural, kinetic or isometric tremor, force steadiness and dexterity when measured in single-task conditions. Increased variability in heart rate may suggest that the volunteers in the intervention group altered their alert\/stress state. Therefore, it is possible that the alterations that are commonly observed during mental fatigue, and that could have affected tremor, steadiness and dexterity only last for the duration of the cognitive task and are not detectable anymore soon after the mental task is terminated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T17:35:29Z","timestamp":1660152929000},"page":"e0272033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Tremor, finger and hand dexterity and force steadiness, do not change after mental fatigue in healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Budini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Labanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9029-6156","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Macaluso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0272033.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577201393095","article-title":"Driver fatigue: electroencephalography and psychological assessment","volume":"39","author":"SK Lal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.11.019","article-title":"Electroencephalogram and electrocardiograph assessment of mental fatigue in a driving simulator","volume":"45","author":"C Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2015.04.042","article-title":"The effect of histidine on mental fatigue and cognitive performance in subjects with high fatigue and sleep disruption scores","volume":"147","author":"I Sasahara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3750614","article-title":"Mental fatigue and task control: planning and preparation","volume":"37","author":"MM Lorist","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2009.10.001","article-title":"Mental fatigue and temporal preparation in simple reaction-time performance","volume":"133","author":"R Langner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Psychol (Amst)"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2014.02.003","article-title":"Effect of mental fatigue on induced tremor in human knee extensors","volume":"24","author":"F Budini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.011","article-title":"Effects of mental fatigue on attention: an ERP study","volume":"25","author":"MA Boksem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cogn Brain Res"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0000189","article-title":"Shifts in attention during mental fatigue: Evidence from subjective, behavioral, physiological, and eye-tracking data","volume":"42","author":"JF Hopstaken","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1417.002","article-title":"Sleep deprivation and vigilant attention","volume":"1129","author":"J Lim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0672-0","article-title":"The effects of mental fatigue on physical performance: a systematic review","volume":"47","author":"J Van Cutsem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"pone.0272033.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2018.10.004","article-title":"The effects of mental fatigue on sport-related performance","author":"B Pageaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress in brain research. 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