{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:27:22Z","timestamp":1780637242938,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014588","name":"Sanofi Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The risk of hospitalization or death after influenza infection is higher at the extremes of age and in individuals with comorbidities. We estimated the number of hospitalizations with influenza and characterized the cumulative risk of comorbidities and age on severe outcomes in Mexico and Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We used national hospital discharge data from Brazil (SIH\/SUS) from 2010\u20132018 and Mexico (SAEH) from 2010\u20132017 to estimate the number of influenza admissions using ICD-10 discharge codes, stratified by age (0\u20134, 5\u201317, 18\u201349, 50\u201364, and \u226565 years). Duration of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and in-hospital case fatality rates (CFRs) defined the severe outcomes. Rates were compared between patients with or without pre-specified comorbidities and by age.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 327,572 admissions with influenza were recorded in Brazil and 20,613 in Mexico, with peaks period most years. In Brazil, the median hospital stay duration was 3.0 days (interquartile range, 2.0\u20135.0), ICU admission rate was 3.3% (95% CI, 3.2\u20133.3%), and in-hospital CFR was 4.6% (95% CI, 4.5\u20134.7). In Mexico, the median duration of stay was 5.0 days (interquartile range, 3.0\u20137.0), ICU admission rate was 1.8% (95% CI, 1.6\u20132.0%), and in-hospital CFR was 6.9% (95% CI, 6.5\u20137.2). In Brazil, ICU admission and in-hospital CFR were higher in adults aged \u226550 years and increased in the presence of comorbidities, especially cardiovascular disease. In Mexico, comorbidities increased the risk of ICU admission by 1.9 (95% CI, 1.0\u20133.5) and in-hospital CFR by 13.9 (95% CI, 8.4\u201322.9) in children 0\u20134 years.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The SIH\/SUS and SAEH databases can be used to estimate hospital admissions with influenza, and the disease severity. Age and comorbidities, especially cardiovascular disease, are cumulatively associated with more severe outcomes, with differences between countries. This association should be further analyzed in prospective surveillance studies designed to support influenza vaccination strategy decisions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T18:33:55Z","timestamp":1668105235000},"page":"e0273837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Hospital admissions with influenza and impact of age and comorbidities on severe clinical outcomes in Brazil and Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0196-4357","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Clotilde","family":"El Guerche-S\u00e9blain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"Etcheto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Parmentier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"E. 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Coleman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"pone.0273837.ref004","volume-title":"State of Health in the EU Companion Report 2019, in State of Health in the EU","author":"E. Commission","year":"2019"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0273837.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12036","article-title":"Burden of influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"V. Savy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0273837.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812002221","article-title":"Influenza-associated excess mortality in southern Brazil, 1980\u20132008","volume":"141","author":"F.T. 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Kwong","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0273837.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01794-2017","article-title":"Laboratory-confirmed respiratory infections as triggers for acute myocardial infarction and stroke: a self-controlled case series analysis of national linked datasets from Scotland","volume":"51","author":"C. 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