{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:19:16Z","timestamp":1791915556089,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG10939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG10939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MD010355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MD010355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AG058789"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AG058789"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(K01HD101589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(K01HD101589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purposes<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and frailty in older Mexican Americans has not been previously studied. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between BMI and frailty among non-frail older Mexican Americans at baseline over 18 years of follow up.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Longitudinal population-based study of 1,648 non-institutionalized Mexican Americans aged \u2265 67 years from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1995\/96-2012\/13). Frailty phenotype was defined as meeting three or more of the following: unintentional weight loss of &gt;10 pounds, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. BMI (kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) was classified as underweight (&lt;18.5), normal weight (18.5-&lt;25), overweight (25-&lt; 30), obesity category I (30-&lt;35), and obesity category II\/morbid obesity (\u226535). Covariates included socio-demographics, comorbidities, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms. Generalized Estimating Equation models were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of frailty as a function of BMI category.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Participants with underweight or obesity category II\/ morbid obesity had greater odds of frailty over time compared to those with normal weight (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.29\u20134.44 and OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.07\u20132.44, respectively) after controlling for all covariates. Participants with BMIs in the overweight or category I obesity were at lower odds of frailty over time.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Mexican American older adults with BMIs in the underweight or obesity category II\/morbid obesity were at higher odds of frailty over time. This indicates that maintaining a healthy weight in this population may prevent future frailty.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T20:11:25Z","timestamp":1662754285000},"page":"e0274290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Body mass index and physical frailty among older Mexican Americans: Findings from an 18-year follow 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