{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:01:55Z","timestamp":1787022115615,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) include potentially traumatic exposures to neglect, abuse, and household problems involving substance abuse, mental illness, divorce, incarceration, and death. Past study findings suggest ACEs contribute to depression, while physical activity alleviates depression. Little is known about the link between ACEs and physical activity as it relates to depression among U.S. adults. This research had a primary objective of determining the role of physical activity within the link between ACEs and depression. The significance of this study involves examining physical activity as a form of behavioral medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were fit to Pearson chi-square and multivariable logistic regression models to examine the links between ACEs and depression, ACEs and physical activity, and physical activity and depression among U.S. adults ages 18-and-older (n = 117,204) from 21 states and the District of Columbia, while also determining whether physical activity attenuates the association between ACEs and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings from chi-square analyses indicated that ACEs are related to physical activity (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 19.4, df = 1;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01) and depression (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 6,841.6, df = 1;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.0001). Regression findings suggest ACEs were linked to depression (AOR = 1.050; 95% CI = 1.049, 1.051). ACEs and physical activity (AOR = 0.994; 95% CI = 0.992, 0.995) and physical activity and depression (AOR = 0.927; 95% CI = 0.922, 0.932) were both inversely related. Physical activity mitigated the link between ACEs and depression (AOR = 0.995; 95% CI = 0.993, 0.996).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research addressed a critical knowledge gap concerning how ACEs and physical activity contribute to depression outcomes among U.S. adults. Findings suggest physical activity mitigates the effect of ACEs on depression. Future studies should apply physical activity interventions to alleviate depression among U.S. adults with high ACEs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T13:24:05Z","timestamp":1665581045000},"page":"e0275185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Physical activity mitigates the link between adverse childhood experiences and depression among U.S. adults"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2703-7722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael F.","family":"Royer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Wharton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0275185.ref001","article-title":"What are adverse childhood experiences?","author":"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2022","journal-title":"Violence Prevention\u2014Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences"},{"key":"pone.0275185.ref002","article-title":"About the CDC-Kaiser ACE Study","author":"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0275185.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2009.03.001","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and adult health","volume":"9","author":"VJ Felitti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Academic 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