{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:34:24Z","timestamp":1791819264130,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FHI Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>People living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are living longer and are at risk of HIV co-morbidities including non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly in low-resource settings. However, the evidence base for effectively integrating HIV and NCD care is limited. The Chronic Health Care (CHC) checklist, designed to screen for multiple NCDs including a 6-item diabetes self-report screener, was implemented at two PEPFAR-supported HIV clinics in Kabwe and Kitwe, Zambia. Study objectives were to describe the HIV care and treatment population and their self-reported diabetes-related symptoms, and to evaluate provider-initiated screening and referral post-training on the CHC checklist. This cross-sectional study enrolled 435 adults receiving combination ART services. Clinic exit interviews revealed 46% self-reported at least one potential symptom, and 6% self-reported three or more symptoms to the study team, indicating risk for diabetes and need for further diagnostic testing. In comparison, only 8% of all participants reported being appropriately screened for diabetes by their health provider, with less than 1% referred for further testing. This missed opportunity for screening and referral indicates that HIV-NCD integration efforts need more fully resourced and multi-pronged approaches in order to ensure that PLWH who are already accessing ART receive the comprehensive, holistic care they need.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1664214091000},"page":"e0275203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of self-reported diabetes risk factors and integration of diabetes screening and referral at two urban HIV care and treatment clinics in Zambia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1783-8972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joy Noel","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namakau","family":"Nyambe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2900-6070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lavanya","family":"Vasudevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prisca","family":"Kasonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Welsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0275203.ref001","article-title":"WHO global strategy on integrated people-centred health services 2016\u20132026. 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