{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:34:45Z","timestamp":1774571685483,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Examine the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) with the prevalence of diverticulitis in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>476 older adults (61% Female; 71 \u00b1 5 years) with no history of myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diabetes were included in this cross-sectional study. Diverticulitis cases were identified by self-reported physician diagnosis from the medical history questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the prevalence of diverticulitis by tertiles of CRF and BMI category. CRF and BMI were further dichotomized into either \u201cunfit\u201d (the lowest one-third of CRF), \u201cfit\u201d (the upper two-thirds of CRF), \u201coverweight\/obese\u201d (BMI \u226525.0 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), or \u201cnormal-weight\u201d (BMI &lt;25.0 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) to investigate the joint association of CRF and BMI with diverticulitis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Thirty-five (7.4%) participants were identified as having diverticulitis. Compared with the lowest CRF tertile, the ORs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis were 0.52 (0.22\u20131.22) and 0.33 (0.12\u20130.94) in the middle and upper CRF tertiles, respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. After further adjustment for BMI, the association was no longer significant with ORs (95% CIs) of 0.55 (0.23\u20131.33) and 0.37 (0.12\u20131.10) in middle and upper CRF tertiles, respectively. Compared with the normal-weight group, the ORs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis were 2.86 (1.05\u20137.79) and 2.98 (0.95\u20139.35) in the overweight and obese groups, respectively, after adjusting for possible confounders and CRF. Compared with the \u201cunfit and overweight\/obese\u201d group in the joint analysis, the OR (95% CI) of diverticulitis was 0.16 (0.04\u20130.61) in the \u201cfit and normal-weight\u201d group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Older adults who maintain higher CRF and lower BMI may have significantly lower odds of diverticulitis, with the lowest odds found in the normal-weight and fit older adults.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T19:11:43Z","timestamp":1664478703000},"page":"e0275433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and diverticulitis in older adults"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5913-110X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bong Kil","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6360-9433","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joey M.","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7538-8228","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Lefferts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelique G.","family":"Brellenthin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duck-chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0275433.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.033","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of diverticulitis","volume":"156","author":"LL Strate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0275433.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-021-06949-9","article-title":"History of Diverticulitis and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Men: A Cohort Study","volume":"67","author":"I Tam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0275433.ref003","first-page":"84","article-title":"Risk factors for diverticulosis, diverticulitis, diverticular perforation, and bleeding: A plea for more subtle history taking","volume":"31","author":"SK B\u00f6hm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viszeralmedizin"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0275433.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-01967-w","article-title":"Dietary fibre intake and the risk of diverticular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"59","author":"D Aune","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0275433.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-01922-9","article-title":"Meat consumption and risk of 25 common conditions: outcome-wide analyses in 475,000 men and women in the UK Biobank study","volume":"19","author":"K Papier","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0275433.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.03.005","article-title":"Aging, obesity, and the incidence of diverticulitis: A population-based Study","volume":"93","author":"TH Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0275433.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.025","article-title":"Obesity increases the risks of diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding","volume":"136","author":"LL Strate","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0275433.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318192d02d","article-title":"Incident diverticular disease is inversely related to vigorous physical activity","volume":"41","author":"PT Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0275433.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1443-x","article-title":"Body mass index and physical activity and the risk of diverticular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"56","author":"D Aune","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0275433.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.03.057","article-title":"Association between obesity and weight change and risk of diverticulitis in women","volume":"155","author":"W Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"pone.0275433.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2016.04.025","article-title":"Validity of FitBit, Jawbone UP, Nike+ and other wearable devices for level and stair walking","volume":"48","author":"Y Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0275433.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1382","article-title":"Association of daily step count and step intensity with mortality among US adults","volume":"323","author":"PF Saint-Maurice","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0275433.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.0899","article-title":"Association of step volume and intensity with all-Cause mortality in older women","volume":"179","author":"IM Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"pone.0275433.ref014","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Global database on body mass index: BMI classification. Who. 2006."},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0275433.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.5616","article-title":"Effect of structured physical activity on prevention of major mobility disability in older adults: the LIFE study randomized clinical trial","volume":"311","author":"M Pahor","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0275433.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.7.5.649","article-title":"Test-retest reliability and validity of the 400-meter walk test in healthy, middle-aged women","volume":"7","author":"KK Pettee Gabriel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0275433.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00530.x","article-title":"Estimating cardiorespiratory fitness in well-functioning older adults: treadmill validation of the long distance corridor walk","volume":"54","author":"EM Simonsick","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0275433.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.06.032","article-title":"Non-high-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and their risk predictive values in coronary heart disease","volume":"98","author":"J Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0275433.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: A report of the american college of cardiology\/american heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines [published correction appears in J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 15;71(19):2275\u20132279]","volume":"71","author":"PK Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0275433.ref020","first-page":"472","article-title":"Leisure-time running reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk [published correction appears in J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Oct 7;64(14):1537]","volume":"64","author":"DC Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0275433.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.21.2507","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity as mortality predictors in older adults","volume":"298","author":"X Sui","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0275433.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0846","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and digestive cancer mortality: findings from the aerobics center longitudinal study","volume":"18","author":"JB Peel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0275433.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002319","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength on arterial stiffness in older adults","volume":"52","author":"EE Albin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"30","key":"pone.0275433.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10577","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i30.10577","article-title":"Aerobic exercise improves gastrointestinal motility in psychiatric inpatients","volume":"20","author":"YS Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0275433.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200210000-00003","article-title":"Physical activity and the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"14","author":"M. Simr\u00e9n","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0275433.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2011.03.013","article-title":"Exercise in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes","volume":"53","author":"T. Church","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0275433.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.352","article-title":"Obesity, physical inactivity, and colonic diverticular disease requiring hospitalization in women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"107","author":"F Hjern","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"pone.0275433.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6757524","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6757524","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tract disorders in older age","volume":"2019","author":"I Dumic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0275433","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T19:12:16Z","timestamp":1664478736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0275433"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"Kubis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0275433","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]}}}