{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:19:51Z","timestamp":1790727591441,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA031055-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA031055-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-107544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-107544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FDN-143342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FDN-143342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-153139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-153139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MFE-152443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MFE-152443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008220","name":"Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008220","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008220","name":"Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008220","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008220","name":"Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008220","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA036307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA036307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In 2010, British Columbia (BC) implemented HIV Treatment as Prevention (TasP) as policy. We examined trends in virologic suppression and determinants of significant viremia among a prospective biobehavioural cohort of men who have sex with men (gbMSM) in Vancouver from 2012\u20132017.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Respondent-driven sampling was used to recruit sexually active gbMSM (\u226516 years) who completed biannual study visits with a computer-assisted self-interview and clinical CD4 and viral load (VL) testing. We linked participant data with the BC HIV Drug Treatment Program to obtain antiretroviral dispensing and VL data. We conducted a trend analysis of VL suppression using univariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) multi-level modelling and multivariable GEE to identify factors associated with episodes of VL \u2265200 copies\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of 774 participants, 223 were living with HIV at baseline and 16 were diagnosed during follow-up (n = 239). We observed a significant trend towards reduced levels of unsuppressed VL (&gt;200 copies\/mL) from 22% (07\/2012-12\/2012) to 12% (07\/2016-12\/2016) (OR:0.87; 95%CI:0.83\u20130.91 for each 6-month period). Among those with at least one follow-up visit, (n = 178, median follow-up = 3.2 years, median age = 46.9 years), younger age (aOR:0.97; 95%CI:0.94\u20130.99, per year), ecstasy use (aOR:1.69; 95%CI:1.13\u20132.53), crystal methamphetamine use (aOR:1.71; 95%CI:1.18\u20132.48), seeking sex via websites (aOR:1.46; 95%CI:1.01\u20132.12), and lower HIV treatment optimism (aOR:0.94; 95%CI:0.90\u20130.97) were associated with episodes of elevated viremia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>During a period when TasP policy was actively promoted, we observed a significant trend towards reduced levels of unsuppressed VL. Continued efforts should promote HIV treatment optimism and engagement, especially among younger gbMSM and those who use ecstasy and crystal methamphetamine.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T17:39:29Z","timestamp":1666373969000},"page":"e0276596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Virological suppression among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men living with HIV in Vancouver, Canada: A longitudinal cohort study from 2012\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1071-8644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heather L.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Gitelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zishan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicanor","family":"Bacani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6411-8089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul","family":"Sereda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan J.","family":"Lachowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiffer G.","family":"Card","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5649-0326","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jordan M.","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry F.","family":"Raymond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Montaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Hogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0276596.ref001","unstructured":"BC Centre for Disease Control. 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