{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:58:02Z","timestamp":1791849482376,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The development of drug resistance to chloroquine is posing a challenge in the prevention and control efforts of malaria globally. Chloroquine is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> in Ethiopia. Regular monitoring of anti-malarial drugs is recommended to help early detection of drug-resistant strains of malaria parasites before widely distributed. The emergence of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> resistance to chloroquine in the country endangers the efficacy of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> treatment. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine among uncomplicated <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> infections at Shewa Robit Health Center, northeast Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One-arm <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> prospective chloroquine efficacy study was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021. Ninety participants aged between 16 months to 60 years confirmed with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> mono-infection microscopically were selected and treated with a 25 mg\/kg standard dose of chloroquine over three days. Thick and thin blood smears were prepared and examined. Clinical examination was performed over 28 follow-up days. Hemoglobin concentration level was measured on days 0, 14, and 28.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of the 90 enrolled participants, 86 (96%) completed their 28 days follow-up period. The overall cure rate of the drug was 98.8% (95% CI: 95.3\u2013100%). All asexual stages and gametocytes were cleared within 48 hours with rapid clearance of fever. Hemoglobin concentration had significantly recovered between days 0 and 14, 0 and 28, and 14 and 28 days (<jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>032<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>P&lt;0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>001<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>005<\/jats:italic>), respectively. Fast resolution of clinical signs and symptoms was also observed. Severe adverse events were not recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The present study revealed that chloroquine remains an efficacious and safe drug in the study setting for treating uncomplicated <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> in the study area. Large-scale continuous surveillance is needed to monitor the development of resistance in due time.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T18:34:41Z","timestamp":1673548481000},"page":"e0277362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Therapeutic efficacy of Chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax infection in Shewa Robit, Northeast Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0309-7456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Habtamu","family":"Belay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megbaru","family":"Alemu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadesse","family":"Hailu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5677-9522","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hussein","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heven","family":"Sime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henok","family":"Hailegeorgies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bokretsion","family":"Gidey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mebrahtom","family":"Haile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gudissa","family":"Assefa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Worku","family":"Bekele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihreteab","family":"Alebachew Reta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andargachew","family":"Almaw Tamene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geremew","family":"Tasew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashenafi","family":"Assefa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0277362.ref001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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