{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:18:33Z","timestamp":1747196313122,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of vitamin D levels on the response to the hepatitis B vaccine in childhood and the induced levels of antibodies against the hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) is not yet well understood. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between age, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and anti-HBs titer among children under 12 years old. Serum 25(OH)D concentration and anti-HBs titer were determined in 352 healthy Caucasian children with the average age of 4.2 (2.5; 6.3) years. All children were vaccinated with 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine (Engerix-B, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited) in infancy according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations. Only 14.5% of children had an optimal concentration of 25(OH)D \u2265 30 ng\/mL and 71.9% children had a seroprotective anti-HBs titer \u2265 10 mIU\/mL. Significant negative correlations were found between 25(OH)D, anti-HBs titer and age (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u20130.420, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.000; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u20130.425, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.000, respectively), and a weak positive correlation between 25(OH)D concentration and anti-HBs titer (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.243, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.000). Analysis of six clusters of children demonstrated that age is the main factor affecting anti-HBs titer. One third of children under 12 years of age had nonprotective anti-HBs titer &lt; 10 mIU\/mL and around 40% had vitamin D deficiency. We conclude that vitamin D status has no impact on anti-HBs titer in children vaccinated against hepatitis B virus in infancy. Age, so time since the receipt of the last dose of hepatitis B vaccine, is the main factor influencing a decline in anti-HBs titer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T18:36:27Z","timestamp":1668105387000},"page":"e0277473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lack of relationship between 25-hydoxyvitamin D concentration and a titer of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen in children under 12 years of age"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9173-9713","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nel","family":"Dabrowska-Leonik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0860-2554","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Sawicka-Powierza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Bernatowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Pac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bernat-Sitarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edyta","family":"Heropolitanska-Pliszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Pietrucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"WolskaKusnierz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Lewandowicz-Uszynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bozena","family":"Mikoluc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0277473.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03320390074052","article-title":"The newly licensed hepatitis B vaccine. 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