{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:36:11Z","timestamp":1792816571425,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002411","name":"Universidad ICESI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA0513114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA0513114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Immune pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome (NS) is not completely understood. We aimed to evaluate the expression of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and its receptors in renal samples from pediatric NS patients and its relationship with renal function survival.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted an ambispective study on 33 patients with pediatric NS. Immunohistochemistry for BAFF, TACI, BCMA and BR3 was performed. Markers were evaluated on podocytes and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates (III). We performed Kaplan-Meier curves to describe renal function survival according to markers\u2019 expression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Thirty-three NS patients were included. Minimal change disease was seen in 21 (63.6%) patients, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 12 (36.4%). BAFF was found in podocytes (18.2% of samples) and III (36.4% of samples), BAFF-R in one sample, TACI in 4 (podocytes and III), and BCMA in 5 samples of podocytes and 7 of III. BAFF on podocytes and III was associated with worst renal function at follow-up; those patients had 25% probability of having GFR &gt;90 mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, versus 84.9% when absent <jats:bold>(p = 0.0067)<\/jats:bold>. Patients with BAFF in III had 42.9% probability of having GFR&gt;90 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, versus 94.1% when absent <jats:bold>(p = 0.0063).<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>BAFF expression in renal biopsies could be a prognostic factor for renal function.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T18:26:29Z","timestamp":1668795989000},"page":"e0277800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and its receptors\u2019 expression in pediatric nephrotic syndrome is associated with worse prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Forero-Delgadillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime M.","family":"Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Torres-Canchala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Nieto-Aristiz\u00e1bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Ruiz-Ordo\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aura","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Claudia","family":"Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Andr\u00e9s","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6031-4218","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriel J.","family":"Tob\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0277800.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.36-3-117","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome","volume":"36","author":"TP Andolino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80479-5","article-title":"A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in full-term infants during the first year of life","volume":"104","author":"GJ Schwartz","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref003","first-page":"163","article-title":"KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease.","volume":"3","author":"International Society of Nephrology","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2018.08.006","article-title":"Nephrotic Syndrome.","volume":"66","author":"C-S Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05950809","article-title":"Long-Term Outcome of Children with Steroid-Sensitive Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome","volume":"4","author":"P. Niaudet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2017.03.007","article-title":"Hypertension Canada\u2019s 2017 Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Assessment, Prevention, and Treatment of Pediatric Hypertension","volume":"33","author":"JM Dionne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2304-8","article-title":"Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: new guidelines from KDIGO","volume":"28","author":"RM Lombel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2017.1374003","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome in infants and children: pathophysiology and management","volume":"37","author":"ML Downie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr Int Child Health"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref009","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: two sides of the coin.","author":"J Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-02153-5","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial to compare efficacy and safety of repeated courses of rituximab to single-course rituximab followed by maintenance mycophenolate-mofetil in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome","volume":"21","author":"B Basu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.05.009","article-title":"The complexity of the BAFF TNF-family members: Implications for autoimmunity","volume":"39","author":"A Lahiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref012","first-page":"3","article-title":"Expression of BAFF, APRIL, and cognate receptor genes in lupus nephritis and potential use as urinary biomarkers","author":"D Aguirre-valencia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Autoimmun"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1720-x","article-title":"Markers of childhood lupus nephritis indicating disease activity","volume":"26","author":"M Edelbauer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317739132","article-title":"Profile of BAFF and its receptors\u2019 expression in lupus nephritis is associated with pathological classes","volume":"27","author":"JP Suso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61354-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"377","author":"V Navarra S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001180","article-title":"Two-Year, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Belimumab in Lupus Nephritis","volume":"383","author":"R Furie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4684","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16407","article-title":"A single-cell survey of the human glomerulonephritis","volume":"25","author":"Z Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz086","article-title":"Effect of belimumab on proteinuria and anti-phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibody in primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"35","author":"C Barrett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2012.04194.x","article-title":"BAFF and BAFF-R levels are associated with risk of long-term kidney graft dysfunction and development of donor-specific antibodies","volume":"12","author":"A Thibault-Espitia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg"},{"key":"pone.0277800.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01046","article-title":"B-Cell Activating Factor Predicts Acute Rejection Risk in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A 6-Month Follow-Up Study","volume":"10","author":"X-Z Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0277800","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T18:26:48Z","timestamp":1668796008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0277800"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Frank J. M. F.","family":"Dor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0277800","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]}}}